Kickboxing is a group of fighting combat sports based on kicks and punches, which historically developed from karate mixed with boxing. Kickboxing is practiced for self-defense, general fitness, or as a contact sport.
Kickboxing Japan originated in the 1960s, with competitions held since then. American kickboxing originated in the 1970s and was brought to prominence in September 1974, when the Professional Karate Association (PKA) held its first World Championships. Historically, kickboxing can be considered a hybrid martial art formed from a combination of various traditional style elements. This approach has become increasingly popular since the 1970s, and since the 1990s, kickboxing has contributed to the emergence of mixed martial arts through further hybridization with ground battle techniques from jiu-jitsu and Brazilian wrestling.
There is no single international governing body. International governing bodies include International Combat Organization, World Kickboxing Organization Association, World Kickboxing Association, International Sports Karate Association, International Kickboxing Federation, World Kickboxing Network, among others. As a result, there is no single kickboxing world championship, and champions titles are issued by individual promotions, such as K-1, Glory Kunlun Fight and SUPERKOMBAT among others. The battles organized under different governing bodies apply different rules, such as allowing the use of knees or clinching, etc.
Video Kickboxing
Terminology
The term "kickboxing" can be used narrowly and in a broad sense.
- Narrow usage is limited to styles that identify themselves as kickboxing, ie Japanese kickboxing (with spin-off styles or rules like Boxing Shoot and K-1), Dutch kickboxing, and American kickboxing.
- In a broader sense, it includes all combat sports that allow punching and kicking, including Muay Thai, Kun Khmer, Savate, Adithada, Lethwei, Sanda, and certain styles of karate (especially full contact karate).
The term kickboxing itself was introduced in the 1960s as Japanese anglicism by Japanese boxing promoter Osamu Noguchi for hybrid martial arts combining Muay Thai and karate which he introduced at in 1958. This term was later also adopted by the American variant. Because there is a lot of cross-fertilization between these forces, with many practitioners practicing or competing under the rules of more than one style, the history of individual styles can not be seen separately from each other.
The French term "boxe pieds-poings" (literally "boxing-foot-boxing") is also used in the sense of "kickboxing" in a general sense, including French boxing (Savate) as well as American, Kickboxing Dutch and Japanese, boxing Burma and Thai, any style of complete contact karate, etc.
Art labeled as kickboxing in the general sense includes:
- The Indochinese kickboxing family (also known generally as muay ) includes:
- Pradal Serey - similar to Muay Thai with an emphasis on elbow technique (Ring-wise). Also known as Kun Khmer.
- Thai Muay Boran (Ancient Boxing) - Its predecessor Muay Thai, allows the use of headbutts.
- Thai kickboxing or Muay Thai - a modern Thai martial art with a strong emphasis on knee and elbow attacks.
- Burmese Lethwei, a traditional Burmese martial art that has now evolved into a popular kickboxing event with strong emphasis on knees, elbow attacks, and headbutt. Every body part can be used to attack and be hit. It is also known as Bando kickboxing.
- Laotian Muay Lao - Laotian boxing similar to Muay Thai
- Filipino Yaw-Yan - Sayaw ng Kamatayan (Death Dance) is the proper name for Yaw-Yan, a Filipino martial art developed by Napoleon Fernandez. This art resembles Muay Thai in a sense, but differs in the motion of torquing the hips as well as the nature of a cut down from his kick and with a strong emphasis on sending attacks from a distance.
- Indian Musti yuddha (also known as Muki boxing) and Adithada, a kickboxing form that uses knee, elbow and forehead movements in South kalaripayattu.
- French Savate, a historic sport that flourished in the 19th century. It's mostly known for his kicking technique.
- modern hybrid oriented martial arts developed in parallel with Japanese and American kickboxing:
- Dutch Kickboxing - combines Muay Thai style, Boxing, and Kyokushin a la Karate.
- Any style of Karate Complete contact
- Sanda (Sanshou) (Chinese Kickboxing) - The applicable component of wushu/kung fu where uninstalls and throws are legal in competition as well as all other types of attacks (use of arms and legs).
- Boxing Boxing - Japanese kickboxing form that allows throwing and sending while standing, similar to Sanda.
Maps Kickboxing
History
Overview
Since kickboxing is a broad term that can be used both in a broad and narrow sense, understanding history can be rather difficult. Some early kickboxing forms include various Chinese martial arts especially muay boran, which evolved into modern muay thai.
However, in terms of modern competition, in the 1950s a Japanese karateka named Tatsuo Yamada first set a new sports outline that combines karate and muay thai.
This was further explored during the early 1960s, when the competition between karate and muay thai began, allowing for modification of the rules to occur. In the middle of the decade, the first true kickboxing event was held in Osaka.
In the 1970s and 1980s the sport has grown beyond Japan and has reached North America and Europe. It is at this point that many of the most prominent government bodies are formed.
- In Japan, this sport is very popular and regularly broadcast on television before entering a dark period during the 1980s.
- In North America the sport has an obscure rule so kickboxing and full contact karate is essentially the same sport.
- In Europe, the sport found marginal success but did not develop until the 1990s.
Since the 1990s the sport has been largely dominated by Japanese K-1 promotions, with some competition coming from other promotions and most pre-existing government agencies.
As the competition grew, there has been an increasing number of participation and exposure in mass media, fitness, and self-defense.
Japanese
On December 20, 1959, a Muay Thai among Thai fighters was held at Tokyo Asakusa halls in Japan. Tatsuo Yamada, who founded "Nihon Kempo Karate-do", is interested in Muay Thai because he wants to do karate matches with full contact rules because practitioners are not allowed to hit each other directly in karate matches. At the moment, it is inconceivable to hit each other in karate matches in Japan. He had already announced his plan which was named "The draft of the principles of the project of new sports formation and industrialization" in November 1959, and he proposed the temporary name "karate-boxing" for this new sport. It remains unknown whether Nak Muay was invited by Yamada, but it is clear that Yamada is the only karate that is genuinely interested in Muay Thai. Yamada invites a champion Nak Muay (and his former partner partner Kan Yamada), and starts studying Muay Thai. At this time, the Thai fighters are taken by Osamu Noguchi who is a boxing promoter and also interested in Muay Thai. Photos of Thai fighters are in the magazine "The Primer of Nihon Kempo Karate-do, the first number" published by Yamada.
There were "Karate vs. Muay Thai Fights" on February 12, 1963. Three karate fighters from Oyama dojo (kyokushin later) went to Lumpinee Boxing Stadium in Thailand, and fought against three Muay Thai fighters. The three names of kyokushin karate fighters are Tadashi Nakamura, Kenji Kurosaki, and Akio Fujihira (also known as Noboru Osawa). The Muay Thai team consists of just one original Thai warrior. Japan won by a score of 2-1: Tadashi Nakamura and Akio Fujihira, both defeating the opponent with a blow, while Kenji Kurosaki, who fought against Thailand, was ruled by elbows. The only Japanese loser, Kenji Kurosaki, is a kyokushin instructor rather than a competitor and is temporarily appointed as a replacement for a nonexistent fighter. In June of the same year, karateka and future kickboxer Tadashi Sawamura faced the Thai fighter Samarn Sor Adisorn, where Sawamura was beaten 16 times and lost. Sawamura will use what he learned in the fight to join the burgeoning kickboxing tournament.
Noguchi studied Muay thai and developed a joint martial art called Noguchi called kick boxing, which absorbs and adopts more rules than Muay Thai techniques. The main technique of kickboxing is still from Japanese full contact karate (kyokushin). However, throwing and butting is permitted initially to distinguish it from Muay Thai. This is then revoked. The Kickboxing Association , the first kickboxing sanctioning body, was founded by Osamu Noguchi in 1966 shortly thereafter. Then the first kickboxing event was held in Osaka on April 11, 1966.
Tatsu Yamada died in 1967, but his dojo changed its name to Suginami Gym , and continued to send a kickboxer to support kickboxing.
Kickboxing developed rapidly and became popular in Japan as it began broadcasting on TV. In 1970, kickboxing was broadcast in Japan on three different channels three times a week. The battle cards on a regular basis include a fight between a Japanese boxer (kickboxer) and Thai (muay thai). Tadashi Sawamura is a very popular early kickboxer. In 1971, the All Japan Kickboxing Association (AJKA) was founded and listed around 700 kickboxers. The first AJKA commissioner is Shintaro Ishihara, the old governor of Tokyo. The champions are in each of the heavy divisions from flying into the middle. Long Ilyushiner Noboru Osawa won the AJKA heavyweight title, which he held for many years. Raymond Edler, an American student studying at Sophia University in Tokyo, took kickboxing and won the AJKC middle class title in 1972; he was the first non-Thai person to be officially rated in the Thai boxing sport, when in 1972 Rajadamnern ranked him no. 3 in the Middleweight division. Edler defended the All Japan title several times and left it. Other popular champions are Toshio Fujiwara and Mitsuo Shima. Most notably, Fujiwara was the first non-Thai to win the official Thai boxing title, when he beat his Thai opponent in 1978 at the Rajadamnern Stadium to win a lightweight championship bout.
In 1980, due to poor ratings and then rare television coverage, the golden age of kickboxing in Japan was suddenly over. Kickboxing has not been seen on TV until K-1 was founded in 1993.
In 1993, as Kazuyoshi Ishii (founder of Seidokaikan karate) produced K-1 under a special kickboxing rule (no wrestling elbows and neck) in 1993, kickboxing became famous again. In the mid-1980s to early 1990s, before the first k-1, Kazuyoshi Ishii also participated in karate sarong formations as an amateur sport in Japan. Karate gloves are based on karate knockdown rules, but wear boxing gloves and allow a blow to the head. Actually it is an oriental kickboxing rule with judgment based on knockdown and aggression rather than the number of hits. As K-1 grew popular, Glove karate temporarily became the fastest growing amateur sport in Japan.
North America
Count Dante, Ray Scarica and Maung Gyi held the earliest martial arts style tournament in the United States in early 1962. Between 1970 and 1973 a number of kickboxing promotions were held throughout the United States. The first recognized battle took place on January 17, 1970, and it happened when Joe Lewis, a stylist Shorin Ryu who also studied Jeet Kune Do with the legendary Bruce Lee, and noted the championship at the Karate tournament circuit, grew disillusioned with the point-sparring format and trying to create an event that would allow martial artists to fight with knock outs. Asking for help from promoter Lee Faulkner, training in boxing and incorporating boxing and Karate techniques for the first time in America, Lewis arranged a bout to be held at the First Pro Team Karate Championship. Lewis faces Kenpo stylist Greg "Om" Baines, who has beaten two opponents in recent years. Lewis won the fight with a knockout in the second round. The event is advertised as "Full Contact" but the broadcaster calls it Kickboxing, and rules include knees, elbows and sweeps. Lewis will defend his heavy US heavyweight title 10 times, remaining unbeaten until he returns from retirement. In the early days, regulations were never clear; one of the first tournaments did not have a heavy division and all the competitors fought until one remained. During this initial time, kickboxing and full contact karate is essentially the same sport.
Institutional separation of American full-contact karate from kickboxing occurred with the establishment of the Professional Karate Association (PKA) in 1974 and the World Kickboxing Association (WKA) in 1976. They were the first martial arts bodies to be organized on a global scale. to impose sanctions, establish a ranking system, and institutionalize development programs.
The International Kickboxing Federation (IKF) and the International Sport Kickboxing Association (ISKA) are the only organizations that thrive in the modern era.
The International Kickboxing Federation (IKF) was founded in 1992 by Steve Fossum and Dan Stell. Stell finally resigned to go back to fight while Fossum went on with the organization. In 1999, Fossum and Joe Taylor of Ringside Products created the first North American open tournament for Kickboxing and Muay Thai, now the IKF World Classic.
After ending his efforts with K-1 in 2006, ISKA is working with World Combat League with Chuck Norris, and Strikeforce MMA in partnership with Silicon Valley Entertainment (SVE), an investor group that also owns San Jose Sharks. Norris handed WCL to his son-in-law Damien Diciolli in 2007, and has since become inactive. Strikeforce MMA is sold to UFC in 2011.
ISKA developed into a martial arts sport (tournament) about 15 years ago, and is a co-operator along with WAKO and Global Marketing Ventures (GMV) at World Open World Tour (OWT), the world's first professional professional sports professional karate series.. It sanctions and assists in the annual US Open & amp; The ISKA World Championship links North America-based OWT and NASKA Tour. US Open & amp; The ISKA World Championship is broadcast live on ESPN2 and ESPN3 every year.
Other kickboxing sanctions include the World Association of Kickboxing Organizations (mainly amateurs) and KICK International.
Europe
In Germany, American-style kickboxing was announced in the early 1970s by Georg F. Bruckner, who in 1976 was one of the founders of the World Association of Kickboxing Organizations. The term "kickboxing" as used in German-speaking Europe is therefore largely synonymous with American kickboxing. Elbow and knee techniques allowed in Japanese kickboxing are contrasted with Muay Thai, and Japanese kickboxing is mostly undetectable in German-speaking Germany prior to the K-1 launch in 1993.
In contrast, in the Netherlands kickboxing was introduced in Japanese form, by Jan Plas and Thom Harinck who founded NKBB (The Dutch Kickboxing Association) in 1976. Harinck also founded the MTBN (Dutch Muay Thai Association) in 1983, and WMTA (World Muay Thai Association ) and the EMTA (European Muay Thai Association) in 1984. The most prominent kickboxing fitness center in the Netherlands, Mejiro Gym, Chakuriki Gym and Golden Glory all came from or significantly influenced by Japanese kickboxing and kyokushin karate.
Dutch athletes have been very successful in the K-1 competition. Of the 19 K-1 World Grand Prix championship titles issued from 1993 to 2012, 15 went to the Dutch participants (Peter Aerts, Ernesto Hoost, Remy Bonjasky, Semmy Schilt and Alistair Overeem). The remaining four titles won by Branko Cikati? Croatia in 1993, Andy Hug of Switzerland in 1996, Mark Hunt of New Zealand in 2001 and Mirko Filipovi? Croatia in 2012.
Modern sports
Kickboxing Promotion
Some of the top kickboxing promotions in the world are:
- Glory
- K-1
- Kunlun Fight
Individual rules
Kickboxing has a number of different rules. For example, American kickboxing and/or complete American contact karate restricts strikes using blows and high kicks; while some other art that is often regarded as "kickboxing" allows low kicks and even knee, elbow, and grappling maneuvers. All forms of kickboxing use an identical scoring system. Winners are declared during combat if there is a submission (fighter quits or kick angle brawlers on the towel), KO (KO), or termination of referee (technical knockout, or TKO). If all the rounds ended without knockout then this fight is printed by a team of 3 judges. The judges determine the winners based on their respective evaluations of the rounds. The split decision indicates disagreements between judges, while a unanimous decision indicates that all judges see the fight in the same way and all have declared the same winner.
Full contact
The complete contact rule , or kickboxing America , is basically a mixture of traditional Western boxing and karate. The bare-chested male kickboxer wore kickboxing pants and protective equipment including: mouth-guard, hand-wraps, 10 oz (280 g). boxing gloves, groin protectors, shin-pads, and boots and protective helmets (for amateurs and those under the age of 16). The female kickboxers will wear a sports bra and chest protector next to men's clothing/protective gear.
Famous fighters under complete contact rules include Marek Piotrowski, Dennis Alexio, Joe Lewis, Rick Roufus, Jean-Yves Theriault, Benny Urquidez, Bill Wallace and Don "The Dragon" Wilson.
Rules:
- The opponents are left striking at each other with blows and kicks, hitting above the waist.
- Elbows and knees are prohibited and the use of shin bone is rarely allowed.
- Closing battles and wrestling is forbidden, but sweeps are valid but vary depending on the referee.
- The fight is usually 3 to 12 rounds (2-3 minutes each) with a 1 minute break between rounds.
Semi-Contact
The semi-contact rule or Fighting Points , is an American kickboxing variant closest to karate, as it consists of struggles for scoring purposes with emphasis on delivery, speed and technique. Under such rules, fights are held in tatami, presenting a belt to classify fighters based on experience and ability. Male kickboxers wear kickboxing shirts and pants as well as protective gear including: mouth-guard, hand-wraps, 10 oz (280 g). boxing gloves, groom-crotch, bone pads, boots, and headgear. The female kickboxers will wear a sports bra and chest protector next to men's clothing/protective gear.
Leading fighters under semi-contact rules include Raymond Daniels, Michael Page, and Gregorio Di Leo.
Rules:
- Fighters can score through punches or kicks, striking over the waist and sweeping the legs, executed under the ankles.
- The punches, kicks, and sweeping of the feet are given 1 point. Kicks to the head or kick jumps to the body given 2 points. Kick jump to head given 3 points.
- Ax hook and kick kicks are allowed but must be executed with the sole of the foot.
- The use of shin bone is rarely allowed, except for jumping and spinning techniques.
- Elbow, knee, and spinning backfists are forbidden.
- Closing a fight, throwing and sweeping (with the exception of sweeping the legs) is off limits.
- The battle is usually 3 rounds (2-3 minutes each) with a 1 minute break between rounds.
International
The international rules , or freestyle rules (also known only as Kickboxing in Europe and Low Kick in WAKO), are different from complete contact rules as they also allow low kick. A bare-chested male kickboxer wore a pair of kickboxing pants or shorts and protective equipment including: mouth-guard, hand-wraps, shin-wraps, 10 oz (280 g). boxing and protective-groin gloves. The female kickboxers will wear a sports bra and chest protector next to men's clothing/protective gear.
Famous fighters under international rules include Rick Roufus and Abraham RoqueÃÆ' Â ± i.
Rules:
- Fighters are allowed to attack their opponents with punches and kicks, including kicks below the waist, except for the groin.
- Elbows and knees are forbidden.
- Closing fights, throwing and sweeping is forbidden.
- The battle is 3 to 5 rounds for amateurs and 3 to 12 rounds for professionals, all rounds take place every 2 minutes. Each round has a 1 minute break in between rounds.
Muay Thai
Muay Thai , or Thai boxing , the rule usually sees a contested fight for 5, 3 minute rounds and a bare-chested male warrior wearing shorts and protective equipment including: , hand-Moon, shin-wraps, 10 oz (280 g). boxing gloves, groin and sometimes prajioud arm band. The female Thaiboxers will be wearing a sports bra and chest protector next to men's clothing/protective gear. Muay Thai is unique because it is the only kickboxing style that allows elbows, knees, battles, throws, sweeps and low kicks. The groin blow was allowed until 1980 in Muay Thai internationally and is still allowed in Thailand itself (although boxers use the cup to reduce the impact). Kicking into the center of the body and head is considered to generate a large number of points on the judge's judgment card. Moreover, the kick is still rated high despite his shot blocked. Conversely, punching is worth less.
Notable fighters under Muay Thai rules include Apidej Sit Hrun, Buakaw Por. Pramuk, Changpuek Kiatsongrit, Rob Kaman, Ramon Dekkers, Coban Lookchaomaesaitong, Dieselnoi Chor Thanasukarn, Saenchai PKSaenchaimuaythaigym, Samart Payakaroon and Yodsanklai Fairtex.
Rules:
- Fighters are allowed to attack their opponents with punches, kicks, including kicks below the waist, elbows and knees.
- Closing fights, throws, and sweeps is allowed.
- The fight is generally a 5, 3 minute round with 2 minutes rest in between, but 3 round battles are used.
Oriental
The oriental rule , also known as kickboxing Japan and K-1 rule , is a combat sport made by Japanese boxing promoter Osamu Noguchi and practitioners of Karate Tatsuo Yamada. It was the first combat sport to adopt the name "kickboxing" in 1966, then called "kickboxing Japan" as a retronym. The oriental rule attacks are traditionally contested for 5, 3 minutes, but 3 rounds of rotation have since become popular since their inception in K-1 promotions. Male kickboxers wear bare-breasted shorts (though long pants and karate gis have been worn) and protective equipment including: mouth-guard, hand-wraps, shin-wraps, 10 oz (280 g). boxing and protective-groin gloves. The female kickboxers will wear a sports bra and chest protector next to men's clothing/protective gear.
Leading warriors under Eastern rules include Peter Aerts, Remy Bonjasky, Toshio Fujiwara, Ernesto Hoost, Albert Kraus, Masato, Giorgio Petrosyan, Tadashi Sawamura, and Semmy Schilt
Rules:
- Fighters are allowed to attack their opponents with punches, kicks and knees including kicks beneath the waist, except for the groin.
- Elbow is forbidden.
- Unrest battle is allowed.
- The battle is 3 to 5 rounds (each lasting 3 minutes) with a 1 minute break between rounds.
- Headbands, throws and sweeps were banned in 1966 for the safety of fighters.
Sanshou
Sanshou , or Sanda , is a kickboxing form originally developed by the Chinese military based on traditional Kung-fu studies and practices and modern combat fighting techniques; It combines traditional kickboxing, which includes close range and fast punches and quick kicks, with wrestling, takedowns, throws, sweeps, kick hooks, and in some competitions, even elbow and knee attacks. Men's warriors wearing shorts and protective equipment include: mouth-guard, hand-wraps, 10 oz (280 g). boxing and protective-groin gloves. The female kickboxers will wear a sports bra and chest protector next to men's clothing/protective gear.
Leading fighters under Sanshou rules include Pat Barry, Zhang Tiequan, Liu Hailong, Cung Le, Shahbulat Shamhalaev and Shamil Zavurov.
Rules:
- Fighters are allowed to attack their opponents with punches and kicks including kicks below the waist, except for the groin.
- Elbows and knees are prohibited (with the exception of some competitions).
- Closing fights, throws, and sweeps is allowed.
- The battle is 5 rounds (each lasting 3 minutes) with a 1 minute break between rounds.
Shoot boxing
Shoot boxing is a popular kickboxing style popular in Japan that uses stands such as chokehold, armlock and wristlocks in addition to kicks, punches, knees and throws. The bare-chested male warriors wear leather tights and protective gear including: mouth-guard, hand-wraps, 10 oz (280 g). boxing and protective-groin gloves. The female kickboxers will wear a sports bra and chest protector next to men's clothing/protective gear.
Famous fighters under the shoot boxing rule include Rena Kubota, Kenichi Ogata, Hiroki Shishido, Andy Souwer and Ai Takahashi.
Rules:
- The opponent is allowed to attack each other with punches, kicks, including kicks below the waist, except for the groin, and the knee.
- Elbow is forbidden.
- Closing fights, throws, and sweeps is allowed.
- Standing delivery is allowed.
- The battle is 3 rounds (each lasting 3 minutes) with a 1 minute break between rounds.
Technique
Punching
The punching technique is very similar to boxing boxing, including
- Jab - a direct blow from the forearm, to the head or body, often used in conjunction with the cross
- Cross - a straight blow from the back hand
- Hooks - blows arcing to head or body with curved motions, usually do not score in points
- Top blow - a blow that rises to the chin.
- Short straight-a blow is usually striking to the chin
- The backfist usually from the front of the hand, reversed boxing and spinning back both usually from the back of the hand - strikes to the head, lifts the arm and flexs the arm at the elbow and then straightens the arm with quick to attack to the side of the head with the back of the knuckles.
- The flying blow usually strikes from the back of the hand, the fighter jumps on the front foot, kicks back with the hind legs and simultaneously stretches the back hand as a blow, in the form of "superman" flying in the sky.
- Cross-counter cross-counter is counterpunch starting immediately after opponent throws jab, exploit opening in opposing position
- Overhand ( overcut or drop ) - a semi-circular and vertical punch is thrown in the back. Usually when the opponent swings or slips. The strategic utility of the reduction depending on the weight can provide a lot of power
- Bolo punch - a combination of widened/crossed right/swing sent from the floor.
- Half hook - combination of jab/hook or wide cross/hook
- Half swing - combination of hook/swing width
Kick
The standard kicking techniques are:
- Front kick or push Kick/High Kick - Attack face or chest with foot ball
- Side kick - Attack with heel legs with feet parallel to the ground, can be done to the head, legs, or body
- Semi-circular kick or roundhouse kick forty-five degrees
- Roundhouse kick or circle kick - Attack with the front of the foot or shin to the head or body in a cutting motion .
There are a number of special kicking techniques or variants, including spin kicks, jump kicks, and other variants such as
- Hooking kick (heel kick) - Extend the legs to the side of the body, and hook the legs to the back to hit the head with the heel or the soles feet
- Crescent moon kick and crescent moon kicks
- Axe kicks - is a kick kick or kick ax . The stomp kicks usually move down, striking with side or heel base.
- Back kick - sent with base heels. Sweep - One foot or two of the opponent's legs can be rubbed depending on their position, balance, and strength.
Rotating versions of back, side, hook and ax can also be performed along with the jump versions of all kicks
Knee and elbow strikes
The knee and elbow technique in Japanese kickboxing, showing Muay Thai heritage, is the main difference that separates this style from other kickboxing rules. See ti sok and ti khao for details.
- Knee straight (long knee kick or front heel kick). This knee strike is given with the back or back leg against the opponent's stomach, groin, hip or back vertebrae by a neck, shoulder or arm
- Flying knee - can be shipped with your front or back legs. It makes an explosive snap upward to strike the opponent's face, chin, throat, or chest.
- Knee latch - can be shipped with the front or back legs. This makes a half circle and attacks the opposite side
- Knee side - is a very deceptive knee technique used in close combat. The knee is lifted to the toes or lifted, and jerked to the left and right, attacking the opponent's sensitive knee joint, the inside of the thigh, the groin
- Elbow side - the most commonly used elbow, usually seen in Thai boxing fights
- Elbow above - used to capture the opponent's nose, chin or both
- elbow down - used instead of the overhand that strikes from under the forehead to the chin
Defense
There are three major defensive positions (guards or styles) used in kickboxing. In every style, there is considerable variation among the fighters, as some fighters may have higher vigilance for more head protection while others have lower guard to provide better protection against body blows. Many fighters vary their defensive style during the fight to adapt to the current situation, choosing the most appropriate position to protect them.
- Slip - Slips twists slightly so that the incoming punches pass harmlessly by the side of the head. When the opponent's blow comes, the boxer sharply twists his hips and shoulders. It rotates the chin to the side and allows the punch to "slip". Muhammad Ali is famous for its very fast and close slip.
- Bob and weave - nod move the head laterally and under the incoming punch. When the opponent's blow comes, the kickboxer bends the leg quickly and simultaneously shifts the body either slightly to the right or to the left. After the blow is avoided, the kickboxer "weaves" back to an upright position, appearing outside or inside the opponent's extended arm. To move beyond the opponent's extended arm is called "swung out". To move inside the opponent's extended arm is called "swung in".
- Parry/Block - Parrying or blocking uses the kickboxer hand as a defensive tool to fend off incoming attacks. When the opponent's blow comes, the boxer gives a sharp, lateral blow, open hand to the opponent's wrist or arm, directing the blow.
- Closure - Cover is the last chance to avoid strikes coming in to unprotected faces or bodies. In general, the hands are held high to protect the head and the chin and forearm are inserted into the body to block the body's shot. When protecting the body, the kickboxer rotates the hips and allows the punch to "roll over" from the guard. To protect the head, the kickboxer presses both fists to the front of the face with the forearm aligned and facing outwards. This type of guard is weak against attack from below.
- The clinch - Clinching is a grappling standing form and occurs when the distance between the two fighters has been closed and the straight punch can not be used. In this situation, the kickboxer tries to hold or "bind" the opponent's hand or enter the wrestling position of the neck. In one way to clinch, the kickboxer turns both hands around the outside of the opponent's shoulder, scooping back under the forearm to hold the opponent's arm firmly on his own body. In this position, the opponent's arm is pinned and can not be used for attack. Another form of clinch involves control of the opponent's neck with a collar tie or upper body by subordinates, overhooks and body locks. Often times where knee, elbow, broom and throwing techniques are used.
In popular culture
- In the book Stieg Larsson Playing Girl with Fire (2006) and his film adaptation, Lisbeth Salander, his friend and lover Miriam Wu, and their friend Paolo are kickers. Lisbeth adopted his kickboxing nickname, "The Wasp", as a grip of his hacker and has a wasp tattoo on his neck.
- Anime Ayane High Kick features a high school girl who wants to become a wrestler but is deceived with kickboxing.
See also
- Kickboxing heavyweight
- List of kickboxing organizations
- Male kickboxer list
- A list of female kickboxers
- Princess kickboxing
References
Bibliography
- Muay Thai Kickboxing - Main Guide to Conditioning, Training and Fighting , Chad Boykin, 2002, Paladin Press, Boulder, Colorado. ISBNÃ, 1-58160-320-7
- Thai Kickboxing For Beginners , Peter Belmar, 2006, Lulu Press. ISBN 978-1-4116-9983-0
External links
- Willem Brunekreef, The Golden Kyokushin and K-1 Encyclopedia, ISBN 978-90-812379-1-8
- (in French) "Full Contact Risk History
- (in French) Delmas Alain, CalliÃÆ'¨re Jean-Roger, Histoire du Kick-boxing , FFKBDA, France, 1998
- (in French) Delmas Alain, DÃ © du kick-boxing mission , FFKBDA, France, 1999
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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