An L-plate is a square plate containing the letter S-serif L, for students , which must be affixed to the front and rear of the vehicle in many countries if the driver is a student below instructions, or motorcyclists with the temporary right to ride a limited motorcycle.
Video Newly licensed driver plate
New licensed drivers
Australia
In Australia the rules vary from state to state. New drivers hold Learner licenses/licenses with a minimum age of 16 or 15 and 9 months in some areas. It should be held for a certain period of time before a driving inspection can be done usually 12 months later. After passing the driver must display plate 'P'. Temporary/trial license holders may be restricted as compared to fully licensed drivers in terms of speed, limits of alcohol in the blood, limits on the type and strength of their car engines (ie, no more than 6 cylinders, no forced induction), and the number of points loss that can be reduced. VicRoads, Victorian street authority, publishes information for student drivers on L-Site.
Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) first began in Australia in the mid-1960s with New South Wales introducing a learner and temporary license in 1966. In all states, new licensed drivers are required by law to display P-plates for various durations. P is usually a red or green letter on a white background or a white letter on a red or green background (Victoria and Western Australia only). In New South Wales and Victoria there are two temporary license classes, the red P-plate is for the first year after passing the Learner test and then after passing their green computer test for two to three years. Western Australia needs six months of red P-plate, where temporary drivers are under the 12 hour span of 5-hour span and one-and-a-half year P-green plates.
On July 1, 2000, New South Wales introduced the Three-Level License Scheme (GLS):
- The first stage is a student license with a requirement to complete 120 hours of supervised driving, including 20 hours of driving at night. A student license must be held for a minimum of 12 months before a practical driving test can be taken to proceed to the P1 trial license.
- Phase two is a one year P1 trial license (with a red P plate).
- Stage three is a two-year P2 trial license (with a green P plate).
On July 1, 2010, Victoria introduced the Graduate Licensing System (GLS).
- The first stage is a one year P1 trial license (with a red P plate).
- Phase two is a two-year PS trial license (with a green P plate).
- The P1 driver is prohibited from using any phone.
- The P1 driver is prohibited exciting, except for work or when it is supervised.
- The P1 driver may carry no more than one passenger between the ages of 16 and less than 22 years, unless the passenger is a close family member.
- A good driving record will be required to progress to the next licensing phase.
In July 2007, newly-released Queensland driver licenses have new restrictions for those under 25. The learner must first record the driving experience for 100 hours (where 10 should be done at night) before taking their practical driving test. Learners can improve this experience by taking professional lessons counted for 3 hours, up to 10 hours (or 30 hours of notebooks). After a period of one year the temporary driver must pass a hazard perception test to move from red to green P-Pate in where previously only required duration of 3 years. The new restrictions also prevent temporary license holders under 25 years of Queensland to bring more than one passenger under the age of 21, who are not close family members, between the hours of 11 pm and 5 Ã, me.
Speed ​​limit
L-platers and P-platers Red and Green are limited in some countries for a maximum speed of 90 km/h (56 mph) (at NSW) or 110 km/h (68 mph) (elsewhere), depending on the presence of an instructor. 100 km/h (62 mph) is allowed in certain states and territories, and these values ​​are displayed on each plate. Queensland, Victoria, and ACT do not make any speed limits beyond the speed limits that apply to all drivers.
NSW students must complete at least 120 hours of driving experience. Learners younger than 25 years must record their hours in the notebook and hold the license for at least one year before taking the driving test; similar requirements were previously imposed on drivers 25 and older, but it was removed in 2009. All other licensing terms are identical.
Canada
Provincial motor vehicles are organized in Canada, so regulations vary by province. In British Columbia, after the instructional phase and after passing the road test, new drivers are required to show green N plates (for beginners) until they pass an additional road test, usually after 24 months.
In British Columbia, the red plate L (for students) is required for 12 months before N can be issued, and new drivers with this sign are not allowed to drive without licensed drivers over the age of 25 present in the vehicle.
French
After students pass their driving test, they must display A-plate (for apprenti ), rounded shape with white background and red letter, for 3 years (abbreviated to 2 years for those who take part in the program conduite accompagnÃÆ' Â © e - a program that allows students to drive with licensed drivers in the passenger seat and start two years before the minimum driving age).
United Kingdom
All new drivers in the United Kingdom, upon receipt of temporary licenses, must display the L plate at any time and are accompanied by other drivers over the age of 21 and have full and valid license for the type of vehicle being ridden for at least three years. In Wales, either a red L plate or a red D plate is permitted, due to the applicable bilingual law within the country, while the student is driving the vehicle.
Once students pass the driving test for the appropriate vehicle, they can choose to display the green P-plates (P for probationary ) to show that they have less experience than other drivers. This plate is voluntary and is not required by law or the Highway Code.
L plates should be displayed at any time while riding a motorcycle or moped of no more than 125Ã, cc (7.6Ã, cuÃ, in) after passing mandatory motor training (CBT) but before passing a full motorcycle test.
In Northern Ireland, for a year after passing a test on driving a car or motorcycle, the driver is defined as a "limited driver" which should not exceed 45 mph (72 km/h) and should display "R-plate" consisting of amber sans-serif R on a white background. L-plates in Northern Ireland generally have R-plate as opposite sides.
Hong Kong
In Hong Kong, a person is allowed to apply for a student license for a private car, a good light vehicle, a motorcycle and a motor rickshaw once he has reached 18 years. For the learner's license from another vehicle class, applicants must be over 21 years of age and have a full valid driver's license for three years or a one-year driving license followed by a two-year period holding a full driving license. The student licensee in Hong Kong must be accompanied by a licensed driving instructor (except for people riding motorcycles and motor tricycles) and should display L-plates in front and back of the vehicle while driving. L-plate is printed in red on a white background with the letters "L" and Chinese characters "?", Which literally means "learning".
The one-year trial period has been applied to newly qualified motorcycle drivers since 2000 and to car/personal vehicle drivers since 2009. During the trial period, drivers must show the red P-plate in front and back of the car, should not exceed the speed of 70 km/h (43 mph) if the road speed limit is higher than 70 km/h (43 mph), and should not use the rightmost lane on the highway that has three more lanes. Motorists may not carry passengers during the trial period. A driver who commits a minor traffic violation during a probationary period will see an extended period of six months, and a second minor offense or one serious offense will void the license completely, forcing him to retake the driving test for another trial license. Drivers who complete a probationary period without any offense are entitled to a full-time driving license. Licenses for all other vehicle classes require the applicant to have a license to drive a car vehicle/light of personal goods for at least two years.
India
All new drivers in India, having received a temporary license, must display L plate at all times (usually on the front and back of the vehicle) and accompanied by other drivers who have full and valid licenses for the type of vehicle being pushed and also in a position to control the vehicle.
Once students pass the driving test to the appropriate vehicle, they can switch to a permanent driving license.
Isle of Man
Licenses can be obtained from the age of 16 and temporary licenses require the appearance of L-plates (similar to Irish and English). For a year after obtaining a full license, R-plates (for restricted ) should display and speeds limited to 50 mph (80 km/h) (even on unrestricted Manx roads). As in Northern Ireland, the R-plate is red R on a square white plate.
ireland
In Ireland, the minimum age for a student's permission is seventeen. Prior to granting this permission, the applicant must pass the Computerized Driver Test Theory, and upon passing the test, the supervisor must display L-plates (one front and one rear) and accompanied by a driver who has been fully licensed for at least two years. Since 2008, all studying drivers have faced fines of up to EUR1,000 for first offense and EUR2,000 for one second if they fail to display L-plates.
All student license holders, with the exception of those holding student permission in the W category (work vehicle/tractor of land), must display 'L' plates while they are driving. The letter L should be at least 15 cm (5.9 inches) and look red on a white background, in clear vertical position visible on the front and rear of the vehicle.
Student permit is valid for two years, and can be renewed once without a holder after taking the driving test. After this, evidence of upcoming test appointments or recent test failures is required for further updates. License holders can not take the test for at least six months after receiving their permission.
Prior to October 2007, a "temporary license" was issued which had a more restrictive restriction - on the first update, the holder can drive without a companion (but must continue to display the L plate), and the accompanying driver requires no experience, only full license. The third or further extension of the license - e.g. after a failed test and the end of the second license - bring back the mentoring requirements. This unusual arrangement causes a situation where the driver of the student, after failing the driving test at 2 Temporary, may legally drive away from the test center without being accompanied.
Before December 2007, L-plate is not required for motorcyclists. Tabor fluorescent featuring 'L' in the back is now required for motorcyclists using a temporary license or student license.
New measures are introduced in an effort to improve road safety, and will be followed by the introduction of 'tiered licenses', with tougher rules apply to those who hold full licenses for less than two years. However, the change is not retroactive.
From August 1, 2014, a person who gets the first driver's license must show N-plate (Beginner) in the vehicle for a period of 2 years.
Israel
During the study
In Israel, driving guidance should be done by a special teacher, named "Driving teacher" (Hebrew: ???? ????? ?). Lessons are performed on modified vehicles with additional control pedals in the front passenger seat, - this allows the teacher to control the vehicle during lessons and prevent accidents. In addition, an additional mirror is mounted on the side-side mirrors, giving the teacher a rear view.
It is the teacher's responsibility to stick the L-plate before each lesson and to remove it after the lesson, therefore the L-plate is usually printed on a PVC panel with a magnetic base, which facilitates remodeling and removal.
L-plate Israel shares a common design of Israel's information mark (square shape, blue background). On a blue background placed a white triangle pointing upwards, with a black Hebrew letter "?" in it, from Hebrew: ????? ? - "Learn".
After passing the exam
For two years after passing the exam, the driver is required to stick the P-plate with the words "New driver" in Hebrew (?????? optional, ??????? for female driver, or ??? \ ? ??? \? which is suitable for male and female drivers). The law defining plates should reflect light with yellow and black backgrounds, it should be fixed in the back corner of the window, and there is a lower bound on the size and width of the letter plates. The law limits the use of P-plate only to new drivers; The P-plate should be repaired if and only if the person driving the vehicle is a new driver.
There are some restrictions on new drivers. During the first three months after receiving the license, he can drive only if there is an experienced driver sitting in the front passenger seat, - and the law also sets requirements for drivers who are called "experienced". Charges for violating traffic laws are much heavier on new drivers; there is a list of traffic law violations that immediately void the new driver's license. Additional limitations apply to young drivers; that is, if a new driver is younger than 21, he may not carry more than two passengers without an experienced driver accompanying him in the front passenger seat.
Japanese
In Japan, the new driver should display the Shoshinsha ( ?????? ) (or Wakaba mark ( ????? ) ) on the front and back of their vehicles for their first year. Though not related to the driving experience, Koreisha ( ?????? ) is optional for drivers aged 70 years or older and mandatory for 75 years or more. Theoretically possible to simultaneously display the sign shoshinsha and koreisha marks, for example if a 70 year old will be newly licensed.
Malaysia
In Malaysia, only cars are approved by driving schools that can be driven by Learner Drivers after passing a theory test. Cars (usually Perodua Kancil or Perodua Viva) should have at least one L-plate in front and back. In the case of a motorcycle, the student rider must apply the L-sticker to the front and back of their motorcycle. A driver's license may be renewed every 3 or 6 months but may not be available for more than 2 years.
The L-plate is very similar to that used in the UK and Singapore, with the exception being that two background colors are exposed ie a blue background (for all vehicles except motorbikes) and a white background (only for motorcycles). They are allowed to take their practical driving test after 1 month of obtaining the Student license.
Once the student drivers pass their practical driving test, they are under 2 years probation before they can have a Competent Driving License. During probation, they are issued with a Probationary Driving License and are required to place P-plates in front and back of their respective vehicles. They are subject to the demerit system of the Kejara, where those who collect 10 points or more during a two-year probation period may risk their license to be revoked. The P-plate design is similar to the L-counterpart, except that the background color is red and the letter P is white. After the trial period ends, drivers are given a one-year grace period to upgrade their license to an Competent Driving License.
United States
New Jersey
In New Jersey, effective May 1, 2010, drivers under the age of 21 holding student licenses or trial licenses must display 1-by- 1 / 2 -inch (2.5Ã, cm ÃÆ'â € Ã, 1,3Ã, cm) removed red stickers on the front and back of their vehicle license plates.
Maps Newly licensed driver plate
Similar plates
Elsewhere in the world, various designs are used. In Germany, usually a red plate featuring the word Fahrschule (driving school) is placed in the vehicle during instruction. In Sweden, the plate is green or red (for driving school) with text ÃÆ' â € "vningskÃÆ'¶r (driving practice). In Czechoslovakia, the white L on the blue plane, similar to the one in Switzerland, has been used, but many driving schools have stopped using it recently, instead of marking their cars with the word "Auto? Kola" ("car school"). In Italy, driving school cars is marked with the words "Scuola guida" ( driving school ), and private cars with novice drivers are marked with capital letters "P": both black marks on white reflective background. In Finland, the white triangle (the same side as 16-25 cm) is used by the school car driver. Between 1972-1996, new drivers were limited to 80 km/h (50 mph) in the first year, and had to use the "80" yellow plaque (ordinary language kideksankympin lÃÆ'¤tkÃÆ'¤ ) in the window back or as a sticker behind the car. Currently, such plaques are only used by cars that are technically limited to 80 km/h.
Plate design
References
https://web.archive.org/web/20110226044317/http://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/Home/Licences/GetYourPs/RestrictionsOnPs/Peerpassengerrestriction.htm
External links
- In the "P" plate design
- feature features P-plate - Daily Telegraph
UK Legislation
- The text of the Motor Vehicle Regulations (Driving License) 1996, Schedule 4, as applicable today (including any amendments) in the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk
requires the design of "L" and "D" plates (not the original law that introduces the sign)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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