Nail art is a creative way to paint, decorate, refine, and beautify the nails. This is a type of art that can be done on the fingernails and toenails, usually after a manicure or pedicure. Manicures and pedicures are beauty treatments that prune, shape, and polish your nails. Often this procedure removes the cuticle and softens the skin around the nail.
Video Nail art
Histori
The origin of nail care is unclear, as it appears to originate from different parts of the world at the same time. In ancient Egypt, from 5000 BC. up to 3000 BC, women will color their nails with boyfriends to show social status and temptation. Women from the lower classes wear pastel and neutral colors, while the upper classes wear deep and bright shades. In Babylonia, 3200 BC men, not women, paint their nails with black and green kohl, ancient cosmetics. To prepare for war, Babylonian warriors spent hours preparing their nails, curling their hair and having other similar beauty treatments. As in ancient Egypt, the color of the nails indicates a person's status, black for nobility and green for ordinary people. Around the same time, 3000 BC, the first nail polish originated in ancient China. It is made of beeswax, egg white, gelatin, vegetable dye, and gum arab. The Chinese dip their nails into this mixture for several hours or let it dry. Colors range from pink to red, depending on the mixture of the ingredients. During the Zhou Dynasty, 600 BC, royalties used simple nail polish with gold and silver dust on their nails to show their social status.
The Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) is known for its very long spikes. Sometimes these nails are protected by golden spikes and gems with gems. The maids perform personal duties for the nobles so that their nails do not break or become damaged. The Empress Dowager Cixi of China, who ruled from 1835 to 1908, was known for her shameful nails. There are many photographs showing the empress with a 6-inch golden guard protecting her long nails. All of the above mentioned do not use nail art as it is widely known today, just dyed, dyed, or cleaned fingers and toenails. The first real notes of nail art originated from the short-lived Inca Empire (1438-1533), which at that time was one of the greatest kingdoms in South America. The Incas will decorate their nails by painting eagles on them. In 1770 the first set of gold and silver manicure was made. The French King Louis XVI ruled from 1774 until his deposition in 1792, always his nails treated with this set.
In the early 1800s, a modern manicure was developed with the discovery of an orange stick, a thin wooden stick with one pointed tip, usually made of orange wood. It was discovered in 1830, by Dr Sitts, a European foot pyreologist, who adapted the dental appliance for manicure purposes. Prior to this invention people used acids, metal rods, and scissors to form and trim the nails. In 1892, Dr. Sitts finds a nail care line for women from any social class, which eventually reaches the United States Salon. Before that, women had short almond-shaped nails and often used oil for extra luster or color. Not long after that, in 1907, the first liquid nail polish was invented, though not colored. Soon thereafter, available in different colors. In 1925, the manicure of the Moon (today known as the Half-Moon manicure) is seen everywhere. Red and pink are used at the base of the nail while avoiding the area around the cuticle. Then again in the 1970s, the natural look back in fashion and liked by many women, but only for a short time. The French manicure style was created in Paris in 1976 by Jeff Pink, who is the founder of Los Angeles-based cosmetics company ORLY. Nail painting was again popular in the 1980s and has since been very popular.
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In popular culture
The nail care industry has evolved like never before since the invention of modern nail polish. In 2012, the United States witnessed the increasing popularity of nail art. in the same year, a small nail art documentary was released: "NAILgasm". The film explores the growing trend of nail art; from women all over the world to a high-fashion runway. In 2014, Nailpolis.com, the Online Nail Art Museum was established for nail artists and fans to share their designs. It's free to visit this website, however, only members of Nailpolis are allowed to distribute their artwork. Women usually use YouTube and Pinterest to learn how to do the latest and most exciting designs at home.
Social relevance
In some cultures, nail art can be associated with the concept of femininity and belonging in a group of women.
Nail art is also a way to create its own identity through fashion, using color and shape as a childhood disorder and entering the world of adolescent/adult women, also leaving the influence of their parents to create themselves. The nails are also part of the puzzle packed with gender identity, nails for teenagers and adult women represent a symbol of what a woman is and how she should present herself. Although women use nail art to express their femininity, different types of art are defined as women with certain personalities, such as using French manicures (fine) or using black nails (aggressive).
Metrosexual trends (the first term was said in 1994, but became a trend a decade later) men in 2000 were brought to men also sensitizing their hands and nails care. Like David Beckham, demonstrating how a football player, a husband and a father can also take care of themselves shows men that they can also invest money and time in appearance and keep their masculinity. Prior to the metrosexual trend, punk subcultures also used black nail polish in a "dirty" way to show how their rebels against social rules, as well as nail polish in the role of demonstrating their contempt for any rule and intended to shock the public..
Media
The popularity of nail art in the media started with press printing with women's magazines. It has an important role but it is not a mainstream fashion trend before the 2000s. After the Internet era and the general use of social media, the trend became a major subculture among women. Social media makes it easier to connect with mass audiences and with these people start sharing their designs as a way of their creativity and using nails as their empty canvas. YouTube, Pinterest, Instagram, Tumblr, and Twitter are the main platforms, which provide millions of new ideas and designs for subcultures. However, among these Pinterest is the most important platform for new beauty trends according to a study.
"The Influence of the Beauty Industry on Women in Society" (Page 16) By Ann Marie Britton, 2012 The University of New Hampshire The YouTube Repository Literature with the art nail tutorial video also has an important place among these subcultures.
Techniques and tools
Manicurists start with the same techniques as for manicures or pedicures:
- Acrylic: a chemical mixture of monomeric fluids and polymer powders that can be applied directly to the nail or to the artificial nails, also called nail extensions or enhancements.
- Nail gel: a chemical combination similar to acrylic, also known as shellac nails. Manicure apply several layers on the fingernails and/and toenails and let it heal under UV light or LED. When the gel is healed it hardened the nails. Gel is also common in the form of paints known as polish gels, and, like other gel forms, also require UV light or LEDs to heal. The difference between acrylic and gel is acrylic that dries naturally but gel requires UV light to heal. Similarly, where ordinary nail polish will dry naturally, polish gel will remain tacky until it is healed by UV rays.
- Nail polish/nail varnish: varnish applied on fingernails and toes to protect or as a base color. Nail manicurists also use a base coat to protect and strengthen the nails, and prevent natural nails from yellowing or staining.
Several options are available to decorate the nails:
- Glitters
- Nail art pen
- Piercing
- Water marbling
- Add an accessory
- Buttons, rhinestones, miniature plastic butterfly ties, beads, and aluminum foil
- Acrylic powder for 3D art. The powder used for 3D acrylic nail art is a polymer powder used with a liquid monomer to make the design.
To decorate the nails, manicurist uses several tools such as:
- Nail dotters, also known as "dotting tools"
- Nail art brush
- Stationery tape/stickers
- Light and colored striping strip
- Sponge (for gradient effect)
Do-it-yourself (DIY), is a new concept of nail art without expert or professional help.
Innovation
Some brands try to innovate by creating new types of nail polish.
- Texture: microbeads or caviar beads applied just before nail polish becomes dry. This texture provides a sand-like texture to the nail.
- Holographic effects: Holographic touch polishing creates a glaring rainbow reflection when exposed to light.
- Velvet Manicure: The velvet velvet called the velvet is sprinkled onto the wet paint. This excess is gently brushed, leaving a soft velvety feel.
- Paralysis effect: Sally Hansen brand nail pioneer creates the first "sparkle" effect. Acting as an overcoat, nail polish is applied to painted nails and dries to a breaking or cracking effect.
- Thermochromic polish: Nail polish changes color when exposed to hot or cold temperatures.
- The matte effect: this nail polish can change the glossy polish layer into a flat matte finish.
- Inverse French: Also called "half-moon". The crescent moon is created on the nail roots in one color while the other nails are painted in different colors.
- Nail stickers: Fake nail shapes, a variety of nail stickers, strips and wrappers on the market are used to mimic nail polish without exposing themselves to the harmful chemicals found in polish.
References
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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