EastEnders is an English soap opera made by Julia Smith and Tony Holland that has been aired on BBC One since 1985. Set up at Albert Square in East End London in the fictional Borough of Walford, the program follows the stories of the locals and their families as they live their daily lives. Initially there were two episodes of 30 minutes per week but since 2001 the episode has been broadcast every single day apart from Wednesday.
Within eight months since the launch of the show, it reached number one spot in the BARB TV ratings and consistently remained among the top-rated TV programs in the UK. By 2013, the average audience share for an episode is about 30 percent. Today, EastEnders remains a significant program in terms of the success and share of BBC audiences, as well as in the history of British television dramas, overcoming many of the controversial dilemmas and taboo issues in British culture and social life. previously not seen on mainstream British television.
In May 2016, EastEnders has won nine BAFTA Awards and Inside Soap Awards for Best Soap for 14 consecutive years (from 1997 to 2012), and twelve National Television Awards for the Most Popular Drama Series and 11 awards for Best Soap in British Soap Awards. It also won 13 TV Quick and TV Choice Awards for Best Soap, six TRIC Awards for Soap of The Year, four Royal Television Society Awards for Best Continuing Drama and was inducted into the Rose d'Or Hall of Fame.
Video EastEnders
History
Conception and preparation for broadcast
In March 1983, under two years before the first episode of the EastEnders episode was broadcast, the show was a vague idea in the minds of a handful of BBC executives, who decided that what BBC1 needed is a popular bi-weekly drama series that will attract the mass audience acquired by ITV with Coronation Street. The first people David Reid, then heads of series and series, turn around are Julia Smith and Tony Holland, a well-established script producer/editor who first teamed up at Z-Cars . The outline that Reid presented was not clear: two episodes a week, 52 weeks a year. After the concept was given to them on March 14, 1983, Smith and Holland then presented their ideas on paper; they decided to be arranged in the East End of London. Granada Television gave Smith unlimited access to the production of Coronation Street for a month so he could feel how sustainable dramas were produced.
There was anxiety at first that the public saw would not accept a new soap set in the south of England, although research commissioned by a major figure on the BBC revealed that southerners would receive soap north, northerners would receive southern soaps and people from the Midlands, indicated Julia Smith herself, did not mind where it was set as long as it was elsewhere. This is the beginning of a close and ongoing relationship between EastEnders and audience research, which, while commonplace today, is something of a revolution in practice.
The creators of the show were Londoners, but when they examined the Victorian boxes, they found major changes in areas they thought they knew well. However, digging further into the East End of London, they discover what they are really looking for: the real Eastern end of the spirit - inward looking qualities, distrust of strangers and authority figures, a sense of territory and community that the creators concluded as "Hurt wrong one of us and you hurt us all ".
When developing EastEnders, Smith and Holland looked at influential models such as Coronation Street , but they found that it offered a somewhat outdated and nostalgic outlook on working-class life. Just after EastEnders starts, and displays the characters of Tony Carpenter and Kelvin Carpenter, does Coronation Street start displaying black characters, for example. They come to the conclusion that Coronation Street has grown older with its audience, and that EastEnders should attract a younger, broader social audience, ensuring that it has a long life. to defend it for years afterwards. They also saw Brookside but found there was a lack of central meeting points for characters, making it difficult for writers to forge different storylines, so EastEnders was founded in Albert. Box.
A previous set of British soaps in the East End market was ATV's Market in Honey Lane between 1967 and 1969. But this event, which graduated from one shows the second week in three separate series (the last series featured in the time slot different across the ITV network) are very different in style and approach to EastEnders . The British Film Institute describes the Market In Honey Lane thus: "This is not a program that destabilizes the earth, and certainly does not pioneer revolutionary ideas in technique and production, but only submits to ordinary viewers as a matter of course which is rather fun. " EastEnders , while also featuring East End street markets, will differ greatly in approach and impact.
The initial launch date of the target was January 1985. Smith and Holland had eleven months to write, throw and record everything. However, in February 1984, they did not even have a degree or a place for a movie. Both Smith and Holland were unhappy about the January 1985 launch date, preferably November or even September 1984 when the seasonal audiences would be higher, but the BBC remained steadfast, and Smith and Holland had to admit it, with the great task of getting Elstree Studios. operation, January is the most realistic date. However, this was later changed to February.
This project has a number of job titles - Square Dance , Round the Square , Round the Houses , London Pride > and East 8 . It's the last one that gets stuck (E8 is the postal code for Hackney) in the early months of the creative process. However, the show was renamed after many foundry agencies mistakenly thought the show was called Estate , and the fictional zip code E20 was made, instead of using E8. Julia Smith came by the name of Eastenders after she and Holland spent months calling the theater agency and asked, "Do you have a real Eastern Enders in your books?" However, Smith thought "Eastenders " "looked ugly written" and "hard to say", so decided to take advantage of the second 'e'.
Early character creation and casting
After they decided on the location of the BBC Elstree Center in Hertfordshire, Smith and Holland began creating 23 required characters, in just 14 days. They took a vacation in Playa de los Pocillos, Lanzarote, and started making characters. Holland created the Beale and Fowler families, drawing with his own background. His mother, Ethel Holland, was one of four sisters who grew up in Walthamstow. His eldest sister, Lou, married a man named Albert Beale and had two children, named Peter and Pauline. This family member is the base for Lou Beale, Pete Beale, and Pauline Fowler. The Netherlands also created an unemployed Pauline husband, Arthur Fowler, their sons Mark Fowler and Michelle Fowler, wife of Pete Kathy Beale and their son Ian Beale. Smith used his personal memory of the East End residents he'd encountered while researching the Victorian box. Ethel Skinner was based on an elderly woman she met at the pub, with fake teeth that did not fit, and "face to rival the neon sign", holding the Yorkshire Terrier in one hand and a pint of Guinness in the other. Other characters made include Jewish physician Harold Legg, Osman-Sipriot Osman family, Ali Osman, Sue Osman and baby Hassan Osman, father and black child, Tony Carpenter and Kelvin Carpenter, single mother of Mary Smith and Bangladeshi couple Saeed Jeffery and Naima Jeffery. Jack, Pearl and Tracey Watts were created to bring "flash, trash, and melodrama" to Square (they later renamed Den Watts, Angie Watts and Sharon Watts). The characters of Andy O'Brien and Debbie Wilkins were created to show the modern pair with outward pretense, and Lofty Holloway to show outsiders; someone who is incompatible with other citizens. It was decided that he would be a former soldier, because the personal experience of former Dutch soldiers was that they had difficulty adjusting to society after being in the army. When they compared the characters they made, Smith and Holland realized that they had created a cross section of East End residents. The Beale and Fowler families represent the old East End family, who were always there. The Osmans, Jefferys and Carpenters represent the more modern ethnic community of the East End. Debbie, Andy, and Mary represent more modern individuals.
After they decide on 23 of their characters, they return to London to meet the BBC. Everyone agrees that EastEnders will be violent, sometimes violent, funny and sharp at Margaret Thatcher UK - and it will start with an explosion (ie the death of Reg Cox). They decided that no character existed that was evil enough to kill Reg, so 24 characters, Nick Cotton added to the line-up. He is a racist racist, who often tries to lead other misguided young characters. When all the characters have been created, Smith and Holland set about casting the actors for the show.
End preparation
Over the next few months, the set grew rapidly at Elstree, and a composer and designer had been assigned to create a title sequence. Simon May wrote the theme music and Alan Jeapes created the visuals. The visual images were taken from an airplane flying over the East End of London at 1000 feet. About 800 photos are taken and put together to create one big picture. Credits are then updated when the Millennium Dome is built.
The launch was delayed until February 1985 due to a delay in the Wogan chat event, which was part of a major change in BBC1's schedule. Smith was uncomfortable with the late start because EastEnders no longer had a winter months to build loyal followers before the summer rating break. The press was invited to Elstree to meet the players and see a lot, and the story soon began to circulate about the show, about the competition with ITV (which launched their own market-based soap, Albion Market) and about the personal lives of the players. Anticipation and rumors grew in equal numbers until the first transmission at 7 p.m. on 19 February 1985. Both the Dutch and Smith were unable to watch; they both went back to where it all started, Albertine's Wine Bar at Wood Lane. The next day, the viewing rate was confirmed at 17 Ã, million. The reviews were largely favorable, though, after three weeks in the air, BBC1's early evening passage had returned to EastEnders's figure of seven million, although EastEnders later rose to the highest level. up to 23 Ã, million at the end of the year. After the launch, both group discussions and telephone surveys were conducted to test the audience's reaction to the original episode. Detailed reactions were taken after six months and since then routine monitoring was conducted. broadcast history of the 1980s
Press coverage of EastEnders , which is already intense, goes into overdrive after the show airs. With such high public interest, the media began to investigate the personal lives of popular stars of the show. Within a few days, the embarrassing headlines generated by the producers all appeared - "THE EASTENDERS STAR IS A KILLER". This refers to Leslie Grantham, and her punishment for the murder of a taxi driver in a robbery trial nearly 20 years earlier. This surprising send-all style sets the tone for the relationship between Albert Square and the press for the next 20 years.
The show's first episode attracted about 17 million viewers, and continues to attract high-profile viewers since then. By Christmas 1985, the tabloids were not getting enough. 'Exclusives' on EastEnders the storyline and actors at the show are central to the daily reading of buyer's tabloids.
Writer Colin Brake suggested that the year 1989 was a year of great change for EastEnders, both behind the cameras and in front of them. The original production designer, Keith Harris, left the show, and Holland and Smith both decided it was time to move too; Their last contribution coincided with the release of one of EastEnders most successful characters, Den Watts (Leslie Grantham). Producer Mike Gibbon was given the task of running the show and he asked the most experienced writers to take over the program's storyline, including Charlie Humphreys, Jane Hollowood and Tony McHale.
According to Brake, the departure of two of the most popular soap characters, Den and Angie Watts (Anita Dobson), leave a void in the program, which needs to be filled. In addition, some of the long-running characters left the show that year including Sue and Ali Osman (Sandy Ratcliff and Nejdet Salih) and their families; Donna Ludlow (Matilda Ziegler); Carmel Jackson (Judith Jacob) and Colin Russell (Michael Cashman). Rem pointed out that the production team decided that 1989 would be the year of change at Walford, remarking, "almost as if Walford himself started a new beginning".
By the end of 1989 EastEnders had acquired a new executive producer, Michael Ferguson, who had previously been a successful producer at ITV's Changes in the 1990s
The new era began in 1990 with the introduction of Phil Mitchell (Steve McFadden) and Grant Mitchell (Ross Kemp) - the Mitchell brothers - a successful character who will continue to dominate the soap afterwards. When the new production team cleared the way for new characters and new directions, all the characters introduced under Gibbon were fired from the show at the beginning of the year. Ferguson introduces other characters and is responsible for the storyline including HIV, Alzheimer's disease and homicide. After the successful change of soap, Ferguson decided to leave EastEnders in July 1991. Furguson was replaced by Leonard Lewis and Helen Greaves who initially shared the role of Executive Producer for EastEnders . Lewis and Greaves formulated a new regime for EastEnders, giving writers of serial authority more in the development of storylines, with the script department providing "guidance rather than prescriptive episodes". At the end of 1992, Greaves went and Lewis became executive and producer of the series. He left EastEnders in 1994 after the BBC controller demanded an additional episode a week, taking his weekly broadcast time from 60 to 90 minutes. Lewis feels that producing an hour of "fair quality drama" a week is the maximum that a broadcasting system can produce without losing its integrity. After arranging the transition to the new schedule, the first trio of episodes - dubbed The Vic siege - marks Lewis's departure from the program. Barbara Emile became Executive Producer EastEnders, left with EastEnders until early 1995. She was replaced by Corinne Hollingworth.
Hollingworth's contribution to soap was awarded in 1997 when EastEnders won the BAFTA for Best Drama Series. Hollingworth shared the award with the next Executive Producer, Jane Harris. Harris was responsible for critical Irish episodes and the attempted murder of Ian Beale by Cindy Beale, who brought in an audience of 23 million in 1996, about four million more than Coronation Street . In 1998 Matthew Robinson was appointed Executive Producer EastEnders . During his reign EastEnders won the BAFTA for "Best Soap" in subsequent years 1999 and 2000 and many other awards. Robinson also obtained a tabloid soubriquet "Axeman of Albert Square" after firing large numbers of characters in a single hit, and a few more afterwards. In their place, Robinson introduced long-running characters including Melanie Healy, Jamie Mitchell, Lisa Shaw, Steve Owen and Billy Mitchell.
2000s
John Yorke became Executive Producer EastEnders in 2000. Yorke was given the task of introducing the fourth weekly soap episode. He fired the majority of Di Marco's family and helped introduce popular characters like the Slater family. Like what Mal Young described as "two of EastEnders' most successful years", Yorke is responsible for saving high marks like "Who Shot Phil?", Ethel Skinner's Death, Jim Branning and Dot Cotton marriage, Trevor Morgan's domestic abuse of his wife, Little Mo Morgan, and Kat Slater's disclosure to his daughter, Zoe Slater, that she is his mother.
In 2002, Louise Berridge succeeded Yorke as Executive Producer. During his time at Eastenders, Berridge introduced popular characters such as Alfie Moon, Dennis Rickman, Chrissie Watts, Jane Beale, Stacey Slater and the critically recognizable Ferreira family.
Berridge is responsible for several rankings of success stories, such as the relationship of Alfie and Kat Slater, Janine Butcher gets retaliation, Trevor Morgan and the storyline of the death of Jamie Mitchell and the return of one of the greatest soap icons, Den Watts, who allegedly died for 14 years. The comeback in late 2003 was watched by over 16 million viewers, putting EastEnders back at number one in the rating war with Coronation Street . However, other storylines, such as the one about a kidney transplant involving Ferreiras, were not well received, and although Den Watts's return proved to be a successful ranking, the British press labeled the plot unrealistic and questioned the credibility of the event. Loud press reactions followed after Den's actor Leslie Grantham was expelled in an internet sex scandal, which coincided with a rapid decline in viewer ratings. The scandal caused Grantham's departure from the soap, but the occasion was used to mark the 20th anniversary of EastEnders, with an episode showing Den's murder at Queen Vic's pub.
On September 21, 2004, Berridge quit as executive producer EastEnders following continued criticism of the show. Kathleen Hutchison was quickly appointed as Executive Producer of EastEnders, and was tasked with rapidly changing the fortunes of soap. During his time in Hutchison's soap fired several characters, and reportedly ordered the rewriting of many scripts. Newspapers report employee dissatisfaction with Hutchison's term of work at EastEnders . In January 2005, Hutchison left the soap and John Yorke (currently, the BBC Controller of the Continuing Drama Series) took control of the show itself and became an Executive producer for a brief period, before lifting Kate Harwood into her role.. Harwood stayed at EastEnders for 20 months before being promoted by the BBC. On Friday November 11, 2005, EastEnders was the first British drama featuring a two-minute silence. This episode then won the British Soap Award for 'Best Single Episode'. In October 2006, Diederick Santer took over as Executive Producer EastEnders . He introduced several characters to the show, including ethnic minority and homosexual characters to make the show 'feel more 21st Century'. Santer also reintroduces past and popular characters into the program.
On March 2, 2007, the BBC signed an agreement with Google to place videos on YouTube. A behind-the-scenes video of EastEnders, hosted by Matt Di Angelo, who played Deano Wicks on the show, was put on the site on the same day, followed by another on March 6, 2007. On the moon April 2007, EastEnders becomes available for viewing on mobile phones, via 3G technology, for 3, Vodafone and Orange customers. On April 21, 2007, the BBC launched a new ad campaign using the slogan "There's more to EastEnders ". The first television commercial showed Dot Branning with a baby refugee, Tomas, whom he considered under pretense as his grandson. The second and third featured Stacey Slater and Dawn Swann, respectively. There are also ads in magazines and on the radio.
In 2009, manufacturers introduced a limit on the number of sections that speak in each episode because of budget cuts, averaging 16 characters per episode. The decision was criticized by Martin McGrath of Equity, who said: "Trying to produce quality TV at a cheap price will surely fail." The BBC responded by saying they had worked that way for some time and it did not affect the quality of the show.
2010s
From February 4, 2010, CGI was used in the show for the first time, with the addition of computer-generated cars.
EastEnders celebrated its 25th anniversary on February 19, 2010. Santer came up with several plans to mark the event, including the first episode of live broadcast, marriage both between Ricky Butcher and Bianca Jackson and the return of the Bianca family, Carol Jackson's mother, and Robbie Jackson's brothers Sonia Fowler and Billie Jackson. He told the Digital Spy entertainment site, "It's really important that the nuances of the week are active and interesting and not very reflective.There will be moments for some of our longer serving characters that briefly reflect on themselves and how they have been The characters do not know that this is the 25th anniversary of anything, so it does not make sense to make too many situations where they bounce in the past.The main engine of the week is a great story that will get people talking. "The live episode features Bradley Branning's death and the conclusion of" Who Killed Archie? " story line, when Stacey Branning reveals she is a murderer. Seeing the numbers peaked at 16.6 million, which is the most-viewed episode in seven years. Other events to mark birthdays are DVD spin-offs, EastEnders: Last Tango at Walford , and an Internet spin-off, EastEnders: E20 .
Santer officially left EastEnders in March 2010, and was replaced by Bryan Kirkwood. The first signing of Kirkwood is the reintroduction of Alfie Moon (Shane Richie) and Kat Moon (Jessie Wallace) characters, and his first new character is Vanessa Gold, played by ZÃÆ'¶e Lucker. In April and May 2010, Kirkwood sacked eight characters from the show, leaving Barbara Windsor's role Peggy Mitchell, who left a hole in the show, which Kirkwood decided to fill by bringing back Kat and Alfie, who he said would "blossom a new era. EastEnders. " EastEnders began airing in high-definition on December 25, 2010. The old set had to be rebuilt, so The Queen Victoria was burned in the storyline (and in reality) to facilitate this.
In November 2011, the storyline shows Billy Mitchell's character, played by Perry Fenwick, chosen to be the torch bearer for the 2012 Summer Olympics. In fact, Fenwick carries the torch through the setting of Albert Square, with live footage featured in the episode on July 23, 2012 This is the second live broadcast EastEnders . In 2012, Kirkwood chose to leave his role as executive producer and was replaced by Lorraine Newman. The show lost a lot of significant characters during this period. Newman quit as an executive producer after 16 months of work in 2013 after soap was criticized for his boring plot and his lowest number ever reaching around 4.8 million. Dominic Treadwell-Collins was appointed as the new executive producer on August 19, 2013 and credited on December 9th. He took some characters from the show and introduced the extended Carter family. He also introduced a long-running storyline, "Who Killed Lucy Beale?", Which peaked during a 30-year show in 2015 with a one-week live episode. Treadwell-Collins announced its departure from EastEnders on February 18, 2016.
Sean O'Connor, former producer of EastEnders series and later editor of The Archers radio soap opera, was announced to take over the role. Treadwell-Collins was abandoned on May 6 and the first episode that O'Connor credited was broadcast on July 11th. Although the first episode was credited to O'Connor that aired in July, his own creative work was not visible on screen until the end of September. In addition, Oliver Kent was brought in as the Continuing Drama Series Chief for BBC Scripted Studios, meaning that Kent will oversee EastEnders along with O'Connor. O'Connor's approach to the event was a more assertive focus on realism, which he said was "true for EastEnders ' DNA and [found] how to capture what happened. as if Julia Smith and Tony Holland are making the show right now. "He says that" EastEnders always has a different tune than any other soap but over time we have diluted our unique selling point.I think we should be ourselves and go back to the origins of the show and what made it successful in the first place.This should be entertaining but also to be informative - it's part of our unique BBC compact with the audience.It should not just be a distraction from your own life, it should be the exploration of life divided by audience and character. "O'Connor plans to stay with EastEnders until the end of 2017, but announces his departure on June 23, 2017 immediately, saying he wants to concentrate on his career in film. John Yorke returned as a temporary creative director. Kent said, "John Yorke is a Walford legend and I'm glad he'll join us for a short time to oversee the show and help us build Sean's legacy while we recruit long-term successors." Yorke originally returned for three months but his contract was later extended to twelve months.
Maps EastEnders
Settings
The main focus of EastEnders is Victoria Square fictional Albert Square in London Walford fictional Borough. In the event narration, Albert Square is a 19th century street, named Prince Albert (1819-1861), husband of Queen Victoria (1819-1901, reigned 1837-1901). So, Albert Square's center is The Queen Victoria Public House (also known as The Queen Vic or The Vic). The show producer is based on the square's design at Fassett Square in Dalston. There is also a market close to Fassett Square on Ridley Road. The zip code for the area, E8, is one of the titles that work for this series. The name Walford is a street in Dalston where Tony Holland lived and a mix of Walthamstow and Stratford - the Greater London area where creators were born. Other parts of the Square and interior sets are based on other locations. The bridge is based on one near the BBC Television Center that carries Hammersmith & amp; The city tube line above Wood Lane W12 Queen Vic at the former College Park Hotel in Willesden at the end of Scrubs Lane at the intersection with Harrow Road NW10 just a few miles from the BBC Television Center, and the interior to Fowlers' is based on a house on Manor Road, Colchester, close to where the directors of art supervising live. A fictitious local newspaper, Walford Gazette , where local news events such as arrest or assassination of characters appear, reflect the real Hackney Gazette.
Walford East is a fictitious tube station for Walford, and a tube map first seen in the air in 1996 shows Walford East between Bow Road and West Ham, at the actual location of Bromley-by-Bow in the District and Hammersmith & The city line.
Walford has the E20 postal district. The postal code district was chosen as if it were part of the actual ZIP code area covering much of east London despite the next unused zip code district in the area, and still (in 2016), E19. The E stands for East . In 1917, the postal districts of London were assigned alphabetically according to the main sorting office for each district. If Walford is assigned in this scheme, he will be given E17, which is the postal code district for Walthamstow. In March 2011, the Royal Mail allocated the postal district E20 to the 2012 Olympic Park. The postal district at EastEnders was completely fictitious until then, as the East London postal district stopped at E18 at the time. The show maker chose E20 instead of E19 because it sounded better. In September 2011, the post code for Albert Square was revealed in an episode as E20 6PQ.
Character
EastEnders is built around powerful family and relationship ideas, with each character having a place in the community. This theme covers the whole Square, which makes the whole community into a kind of family, prey on distractions and conflicts, but together together in difficult times. Co-creator Tony Holland comes from a large East End family, and such families symbolize EastEnders . The first center family is a combination of the Fowler family, consisting of Pauline Fowler, her husband Arthur Fowler, and teenage children Mark Fowler and Michelle Fowler and the Beale family, comprising Pete Beale (Pauline's twin brother), his wife Kathy Beale and teenage son them, Ian Beale. Pauline's mother and Pete are the dominating Lou Beale, who lives with Pauline and her family. Holland withdrew the names of his own family for the characters.
The Watts and Mitchell family have been central to many well-known EastEnders storylines, Watts-dominated performances in the 1980s, with the 1990s focusing on Mitchell. The early 2000s saw a shift in attention to the newly introduced Slater women clan, prior to the renewed emphasis on the Watt family that began in 2003. Since 2006, EastEnders was largely dominated by Mitchell and Branning. family, although the early 2010s also saw a new focus on the Moon family, and from 2013 onwards, on Carters. Beales is the longest family of the show, which has been in EastEnders since it started in 1985. The key people involved in EastEnders production have emphasized how important a strong family idea is. is to program. Peggy Mitchell, in particular, is famous for the relentless repetition of statements such as "You Mitchell!" and "It's all about the family!" Pauline Fowler is also known for her insistence on the family and mentions her brother and husband to instill loyalty from family members. His mother, Lou Beale, is famous for his family gatherings and his traditional approach to family. Recently, Derek Branning regularly reveals the importance of a strong family unit. As the eldest brother, he constantly affirms his position as head of his family and reminds everyone to work together in difficult times. In addition, Derek usually calls himself, Max Branning and Jack Branning as "Branning brothers."
EastEnders has an emphasis on a strong family matriarchy, with examples including Pauline Fowler and Peggy Mitchell, helping to attract female audiences. John Yorke, who heads the production of the BBC drama, puts this on "gay senses" Tony Holland, who shows love for a strong woman. The matriarchal role is one that has been seen in various reincarnations since the beginning of the program, often described as a central family unit. The original leader's mother was Lou Beale, although later there were examples including Mo Harris, Pat Butcher, Zainab Masood and Cora Cross. These characters are seen as harsh and disturbing but most importantly, responsible for family welfare and usually emphasize the importance of the family, reflecting on the past.
The show often involves strong, abusive, and long-lasting women who exhibit diva-like behavior and persistently struggle through a series of tragedies and misfortunes. The characters include Angie Watts, Kathy Beale, Sharon Watts, Pat Butcher, Denise Fox, and Tanya Branning. On the contrary there is a female character who handles the tragedy unfavorably, described as a perpetual victim and endless sufferer, which includes Sue Osman, Little Mo Mitchell, Laura Beale, Lisa Fowler, Ronnie Mitchell, and Linda Carter. The 'tart with a heart' is a recurring character, often popular with viewers. Often their associations mask hidden vulnerabilities and desire to be loved. The characters include Pat Butcher (though in his later years, this changed), Tiffany Mitchell, Kat Slater, Stacey Slater, Dawn Swann, Roxy Mitchell and Whitney Dean.
The gender balance in this performance is maintained through the inclusion of various "macho" male personalities such as Mick Carter, Phil Mitchell, Grant Mitchell, Jack Branning and Max Branning, "bad boys" such as Den Watts, Michael Moon and Vincent Hubbard, and "heartthrobs" like Simon Wicks, Jamie Mitchell, Dennis Rickman, and Joey Branning. Other recurring male character types are well-dressed businessmen, often involved in gang culture and crime and seen as local authority figures. Examples include Steve Owen, Jack Dalton, Andy Hunter, Johnny Allen, and Derek Branning. After criticism aimed at an over-emphasis on 'gangsters' in 2005, the character has been significantly reduced. Other recurring male characters seen on EastEnders are 'losers' or 'soft touches', men are often funny under the thumbs of their female counterparts, who have included Arthur Fowler, Ricky Butcher, Lofty Holloway and Billy Mitchell. Other recurring characters that have appeared throughout the series are Pete Beale's "cheeky-chappies", Alfie Moon, Garry Hobbs and Kush Kazemi, "missing girls" like Mary Smith, Donna Ludlow and Mandy Salter, criminals like Stacey Slater, Jay Brown and Lola Pearce, "villains" such as Nick Cotton, Trevor Morgan, May Wright, Yusef Khan, Archie Mitchell, and Dean Wicks, "bitches" such as Cindy Beale, Janine Butcher, Lucy Beale, Abi Branning and Babe Smith and cockney " wide man "or" wheels trader "like Frank Butcher, Alfie Moon, Kevin Wicks, Darren Miller, and Fatboy.
For years EastEnders typically features a number of elderly people, who are used to show vulnerability, nostalgia, strong attributes and are sometimes used for comedic purposes. The original elderly population includes Lou Beale, Ethel Skinner, and Dot Cotton. Over the years they have joined the likes of Mo Butcher, Jules Tavernier, Marge Green, Nellie Ellis, Jim Branning, Charlie Slater, Mo Harris, Patrick Trueman, Cora Cross, Les Coker, Rose Cotton, Pam Coker, Stan Carter , Babe Smith, Claudette Hubbard, Sylvie Carter, Ted Murray, and Joyce Murray. Focus on elderly characters has declined since the beginning of the show. The program recently included a higher number of teenagers and successful young adults in an attempt to capture younger television viewers. This has sparked criticism, especially from actress Anna Wing, who plays Lou Beale on the show. He commented, "I do not want to be unfaithful, but I think you need some adults in soap because they provide the backbone and body... if all the young mainstream people become a little skinny and inexperienced.
EastEnders has been known to feature 'double action comedy', initially shown by the characters Dot and Ethel, whose friendship is one of the most enduring series. Other examples include Paul Priestly and Trevor Short, Huw Edwards and Lenny Wallace, Shirley Carter and Heather Trott, Garry Hobbs and Minty Peterson, Denise Fox and Zainab Masood, Poppy Meadow and Jodie Gold and Peggy Mitchell and Pat Butcher. In 1989 in particular, characters were brought in deliberately conceived as comic or cheerful. Such characters include Julie Cooper - manned maniac; Marge Green - an older woman played by veteran actress Pat Coombs; Trevor Short (Phil McDermott) - "idiot village"; his friend, broken heart north of Paul Priestly (Mark Thrippleton); wheeler-dealers Vince Johnson (Hepburn Graham) and Laurie Bates (Gary Powell), who became sparring partner Pete Beale (Peter Dean). The majority of EastEnders ' characters are the working class. Middle class characters are sometimes fixed customers, but less successful and less likely to be long-term characters. In the main characters, the middle class exists as criminals, such as James Wilmott-Brown, May Wright, Stella Crawford and Yusef Khan, or used to promote positive liberal influences, such as Colin Russell or Rachel Kominski.
EastEnders has always featured culturally diverse actors who have included black, Asian, Turkish, Polish and Latvian characters. "The expansion of minority representations marks a move away from traditional soap opera formats, providing more opportunities for the identification of audiences with character and hence wider appeal". Nevertheless, the program has been criticized by the Commission for Racial Equality, which in 2002 argued that EastEnders did not provide a realistic representation of the East End "makeup ethnic". They suggest that the average proportion of the minority faces seen at EastEnders is substantially lower than the actual ethnic minority population in East London districts, and therefore reflects the East End in the 1960s instead of the East End from 2000s. Furthermore, it is suggested that elements of "tokenism" and stereotypes surrounded by many of these minority characters. Since then the program has been trying to solve this problem. The sari shop opened and various characters from various ethnicities were introduced throughout 2006 and 2007, including the Fox family, Masood, and various artist backgrounds. This is part of Diederick Santer's producer plan to "diversify", to make EastEnders feel more of the 21st century. " EastEnders has had varying success with ethnic minority characters. Perhaps the least successful was the Indian Ferreira family, which was not well received by critics or viewers and dismissed as unrealistic by the Asian community in Britain.
EastEnders has been praised for his role as a character of the disabled, including Adam Best (spina bifida), Noah Chambers (deaf), Jean Slater and his daughter Stacey (bipolar disorder), Janet Mitchell (Down syndrome) and Jim Branning (stroke). The show also features a large number of gay, lesbian and bisexual characters (see list of soap operas with LGBT characters), including Colin Russell, Barry Clark, Simon Raymond, Tony Hills, Sonia Fowler, Naomi Julien, Tina Carter, Tosh Mackintosh, Ben Mitchell and Paul Coker. Kyle Slater, a transgender character, was introduced in 2015.
EastEnders has a high cast replacement and the characters are regularly changed to facilitate storylines or refresh the format. The show also became famous for the return of the characters after they left the show. Sharon Rickman returned in August 2012 for her third job on the show. Den Watts returns 14 years after he is believed to have died, a feat repeated by Kathy Beale in 2015. Speaking extra, including Tracey the barmaid (who has performed since the first episode in 1985), has made appearances throughout the duration show, without became the focus of the main storyline. Nick Cotton's character gained a reputation for making constant exit and returning since the first year of the program, until the character's death in 2015.
In May 2018, Adam Woodyatt, Gillian Taylforth, and Letitia Dean were the only members of the original cast members remaining in the show, in their respective roles from Ian Beale, Kathy Beale and Sharon Watts. Ian Beale is the only character who appears continuously from the first episode without officially leaving, and is the longest character in EastEnders. Dot Cotton is the longest serving female character of the show that has served since 1985, while Pat Butcher is the longest former character, emerging from 1986 to 2012.
Storylines
EastEnders the program makers took the decision that the show was about "everyday life" in downtown "today" and regarded it as "a piece of life". Creator/producer Julia Smith states that "We do not make life, we reflect". He also said, "We decided to go for a realistic and fairly outspoken type of drama that could include stories about homosexuality, rape, unemployment, racial prejudice, etc., in a credible context.On top of everything, we want realism ". In 2011, BBC drama head John Yorke said that the real East End has changed significantly since EastEnders began, and the show no longer really reflects real life, but it has "emotional truth" "and some" true to the original vision "and some" adapting to the changing world, "adding that" If it is a show where every house is expensive and everyone rides a Lexus, it will not be EastEnders. You have to show the nuances of the change, but certain things do not change, I will argue, like The Vic and the market. "
In the 1980s, EastEnders displayed an "awful" storyline involving drugs and crime, representing the problems faced by the British working class under Thatcherism. Storylines include 14-month-old cot deaths of Hassan Osman, Nick Cotton's homophobia, racism and Reg Cox murder, Arthur Fowler's unemployment that reflects the 1980s recession, Kathy Beale's rape in 1988 by James Willmott-Brown and Michelle Fowler's teenage pregnancy. The event also deals with prostitution, mixed race relationships, shoplifting, sexism, divorce, domestic violence and looting. In 1989, the program was criticized in the British media for being overly pressed, and according to author Colin Brake, program makers were determined to change this. In 1989, there was a deliberate attempt to improve the lighter comic aspect of life in Albert Square. This led to the introduction of some characters deliberately understood as comic or cheerful. Brakes suggested that humor was an important element in the EastEnders storyline during 1989, with a greater amount of slapstick and light comedy than ever before. He classified the 1989 changes as a bold experiment, and suggested that while some people find this period of EastEnders entertaining, many other viewers feel that comedy stretches the credibility of the program. Although the program still encompasses many problems in 1989, such as domestic violence, drugs, rape and racism, Rem reflects that the recent emphasis on a more balanced mix of "light and heavy storylines" gives the illusion that the event has lost "edge".
As the show progressed into the 1990s, EastEnders still featured tough issues like Mark Fowler finding him HIV positive in 1991, the death of his wife, Gill, of a AIDS-related illness in 1992, murder. , adoption, abortion, Peggy Mitchell's battle with breast cancer, and alcoholism and violent Phil Mitchell against Kathy's wife. Mental health problems were confronted in 1996 when Joe Wicks, 16, developed schizophrenia after the death of his sister in a car accident. The long-running storyline of Mark Fowler is very successful in raising awareness that in 1999, a survey by the National Aids Trust found that teens get most of their information about HIV from soap, although one campaign notes that in some ways the storyline is not reflective what happened at that time as a more common condition among the gay community. However, heterosexual Marks are struggling with various issues related to their HIV status, including public fears of contamination, marital disorders linked to their inability to have children and side effects of combination therapy.
In the early 2000s, EastEnders discuss the issue of euthanasia (death of Ethel Skinner in agreement with his friend Dot Cotton), the disclosure of abuse Kat Slater by his uncle Harry as a child (which led to the birth of his daughter Zoe, who was raised to believe that Kat is his sister), harassment, domestic Little Mo Morgan by husband Trevor (involving rape and culminated in the death of Trevor after he tried to kill Little Mo in the fire), Sonia Jackson gave birth at age 15 and then put the baby up for adoption, and prostitution Janine Butcher , agoraphobia and drug addiction. Soap also deals with mental illness and caregivers of people with mental states, illustrated by Jean and Stacey Slater's mother and daughter; Jean suffers from bipolar disorder, and teenage daughter Stacey is the nanny (the story line won the Mental Health Media Award in September 2006). Stacey continues to struggle with the disorder itself. The problem of illiteracy is highlighted by the middle-aged characters of Keith and his young son Darren. EastEnders has also addressed the issue of Down syndrome, such as baby Billy and Honey Mitchell, Janet Mitchell, was born with the condition in 2006. EastEnders cover up child abuse storyline involving Phil Mitchell, the son of 11 year-old Ben and Stella Crawford's lawyer lover, and children's care involving the characters of Tony King and Whitney Dean.
Aside from this, soap operas from young romance, jealousy, domestic rivalry, gossip and extramarital affairs are regularly displayed, with a high profile storyline occurring several times a year. Whodunits also feature regularly, including "Who Shot Phil?" the storyline in 2001 that drew more than 19 million viewers and was one of the biggest successes in British soap television, "Who Killed Archie?" story, which was revealed in a special live episode of the event that attracted the top 17 million viewers, and "Who Killed Lucy Beale?".
Production
Set
The exterior set for Albert Square is fictitiously located in the permanent backlot of the BBC Elstree Center, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire, on 51 Â ° 39? 32? N 0 Â ° 16? 40? W , and is outdoors and open for weather. Originally built in 1984 with a specification that should last for at least 15 years at a cost of Ã, Â £ 750,000. The EastEnders lot was designed by Keith Harris, who is a senior designer in the production team along with art directors watching over Peter Findley and Gina Parr. The main building in the square consists of hollow shells, constructed from a facade of sea plywood mounted on a steel frame. The lower walls, sidewalks, etc., are constructed of original brick and asphalt. The set should be made as if it had been standing for years. This is done in a number of ways, including cutting out sidewalks, using chemicals to break layers of paint jobs, using varnishes to make wet patches under rail bridges, and making garden walls in such a way that looks sag. The last touch added in the summer of 1984, this included a telephone box, telegraph pole provided by British Telecom, a lamppost provided by Hertsmere Borough Council and a number of vehicles parked in the square. On every set of fully functional equipment such as gas stove, laundry washer and The Queen Victoria beer pump.
The walls were purposefully built on their side to give them an old appearance. The water channels around the site are so real that rainwater can flow from the streets. The square is built in two phases with only three sides being built, plus Bridge Street, to start with in 1984, in time will be used for the first episode of the event. Then in 1986, Harris added an extension to the set, building the fourth side of Albert Square, and in 1987, Turpin Road was added, which included buildings such as The Dagmar.
In 1993, George Street was added, and soon after the Walford East Underground was built, to create a further location when EastEnders changed from two to three episodes per week. This device was built by the BBC in the construction department under construction manager Mike Hagan. The initial creation takes six months to complete. Most of the buildings at Albert Square do not have an interior filming room, with few exceptions, and most have no water or gardens. Most of the area in front (and sometimes back) doors are decorated and dressed to fit the interior set to allow the door shots to be opened. The grocery store was originally opened, it turned into an enclosed front store, with a detachable interior wall to allow for filming inside the store when the set was expanded in 1987. Some interior pictures were filmed in actual buildings, and cafà ©  © also has some interior decorations so some limited shooting can be done by the door. Newer exterior sets including a fish and chip shop, video store and beauty salon have some interior shooting space to create a sense of greater realism. Since the show was filmed up to six weeks earlier, the trees should have additional leaves attached to them during the spring to look like in summer.
In February 2008, it was reported that the sets would be transferred to Pinewood Studios in Buckinghamshire, where a new set would be built as the set looked "shabby", with its flaws appearing on high-definition television broadcasts. However, in April 2010, a follow-up report confirmed that Albert Square would remain at Elstree Studios for at least four years, taking the place through its 25th anniversary. The device was then rebuilt for high definition on the same site, using a portion big original bricks with some areas using better new plastic bricks. Throughout the making of the film again it will still take place, and so the scaffolding is often seen on the screen during the process, with several story lines written to accommodate rebuilding, like the fire of Queen Vic.
In 2014, then executive producer Dominic Treadwell-Collins said that he wanted Albert Square to look like a real East London environment so the soap would "better reflect the more fashionable areas of East London that young professionals love" giving a sense of "creeping gentrification" from East London. He added, "It should feel more like London, it's been frozen for too long." The BBC announced that it will rebuild the EastEnders set to secure the long-term future of the show, with completion expected by 2018. This set will provide an enhanced modern exterior film source for EastEnders >, and will copy the view of the existing building. However, it will be 20 percent larger, to allow for greater editorial ambitions and improve working conditions for staff. A temporary set will be created on the site to allow the recording to continue while the permanent structure is rebuilt. In May 2016, redevelopment has been postponed until 2020 and will cost more than Ã, Â £ 15 million, although the main part of the set is scheduled to begin filming in May 2019.
Filming
The majority of EastEnders episodes were filmed at the BBC Elstree Center in Borehamwood, Hertfordshire. As the number of episodes was increased to four per week, more studio space was required, so Top of the Pops was transferred from his studio at Elstree to BBC Television Center in April 2001. The episodes were produced in a "quartet" of four episodes, each starting filming on Tuesday and it takes nine days to be recorded. Every day, between 25 and 30 scenes are recorded. During the week of filming, actors can film as many as eight to twelve episodes. The exterior scene was filmed on many specially built movies, and the interior scene took place in four studios. The episodes are usually filmed about six to eight weeks before the broadcast. During the winter, filming can last up to twelve weeks earlier, due to less daylight hours for outdoor shooting sessions. This time difference has been known to cause problems while filming the scene outdoors. On February 8, 2007, heavy snow fell on set and filming had to be canceled because the scene to be filmed on that day will be transmitted in April. EastEnders is usually recorded using four cameras. When the quartet is finished, it is edited by the director, the videocassette editor and the script supervisor. The producer then reviews edits and decides if there's anything to be re-edited, which will be done by the director. A week later, votes are added to the episode and they are technically reviewed, and ready for transmission if they are considered acceptable quality.
Although most episodes were recorded the week before broadcast, sometimes, EastEnders includes recent events in their episodes. In 1987, EastEnders covered the election. Using plans designed by co-creators Smith and Holland, five minutes of material were cut from four pre-recorded episodes before the election. These were replaced by specially-recorded election material, including representatives from each of the major parties, and the scene recorded on the day after the election reflecting the result, which aired the following Tuesday. The 2010 election results were referenced on the episode of May 7, 2010. During the 2006 FIFA World Cup, the actor filmed a short scene after an edited tournament event into the program in the next episode. The last minute scenes have also been recorded for reference to the final fiftieth anniversary of the Second World War in 1995, the two minute silence on Remembrance Day 2005 (2005 also being the year for the sixtieth anniversary of the end of the Second World War and the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Trafalgar) the election victory of Barack Obama in 2008, the death of Michael Jackson in 2009, Comprehensive Spending Expenditure 2010, Andy Murray won the Men's Singles at the Wimbledon Championship 2013, the marriage of Prince William and Kate Middleton, the birth of Prince George of Cambridge. Scotland voted against independence in 2014, and the 100th anniversary of the beginning of the Great War.
EastEnders is often filmed on site, away from studios at Borehamwood. Sometimes the entire quartet is filmed on location, which has a practical function and is the result of EastEnders making a "double bank", when an extra week's worth of episodes is recorded at the same time as the usual schedule, allowing the production of programs to stop for a two-week break at Christmas. This episode often airs in late June or early July and again in late October or early November. The first time this happened in December 1985 when Pauline (Wendy Richard) and Arthur Fowler (Bill Treacher) traveled to Southend-on-Sea to find their son Mark, who escaped from the house. In 1986, EastEnders was filmed overseas for the first time, in Venice, and this was also the first time not filmed in the video tape, because union rules at the time prevented the producers from taking video crews abroad and crew movies should be used instead. In 2011, it was reported that eight percent of the series was filmed on site.
If scenes during normal weeks should be filmed on location, this is done during the normal recording week. Off-set locations that have been used for filmmaking include Clacton (1989), Devon (September 1990), Hertfordshire (used for scenes organized in Gretna Green in July 1991), Portsmouth (November 1991), Milan (1997), Ireland (1997)), Amsterdam (December 1999), Brighton (2001) and Portugal (2003). In 2003, the filming took place at Loch Fyne Hotel and Leisure Club in Inveraray, The Arkinglass Estate in Cairndow and Grims Dyke Hotel, Harrow Weald, north London, for a week of episodes arranged in Scotland. The April 9, 2007 episode featured scenes filmed at St Giles Church and the public house of The Blacksmiths Arms in Wormshill, Ringlestone Inn, two miles away and Court Lodge Farm in Stansted, Kent. and Port Dover, Kent..
Other locations included court houses, unused office blocks, Evershed House, and St Peter's Church, all at St Albans, abandoned mental facilities in Worthing, Carnaby Street in London, and a wedding dress shop in Muswell Hill, north London. A week of episodes in 2011 took place shooting on a beach at Thorpe Bay and a pier in Southend-on-Sea - where a stuntman was injured when a gust of wind threw him out of balance and he crashed into a rock - with another scene filmed on the Essex shore. In 2012, the filming takes place in Keynsham, Somerset. In January 2013, filming at a location at Grahame Park in Colindale, north London, was interrupted by at least seven young men who threw fireworks on the set and threatened to cut off crew members. In October 2013, the scene was filmed on a street near London's Southend Airport in Essex.
Two players (when only two actors appear in an episode) are initially performed for speed; while two players are being filmed, the rest of the players can make another episode.
EastEnders has featured seven live events. For his 25th birthday in February 2010, a live episode was aired where Stacey Slater (Lacey Turner) was revealed as the killer Archie Mitchell (Larry Lamb). Turner was told only 30 minutes before the live episode and to maintain the tension, he whispered this revelation to his current ex-lover and father-in-law, Max Branning, in the final moments of the live show. Many other cast members found only at the same time as the public, when the episode was broadcast. On July 23, 2012, the episode segment of the night was played live when Billy Mitchell (Perry Fenwick) brought the Olympic Flame around Walford in preparation for the 2012 Summer Olympics. In February 2015, for the 30th anniversary of the soap, five episodes in a week featuring live inserts throughout them. Episodes aired on Tuesdays 17, Wednesday 18 and Thursday 19 (featuring one-hour episodes and second episodes) all feature at least one live insertion. The show reveals that Lucy Beale's killer (Hetti Bywater) is her younger brother, Bobby (Eliot Carrington), during the second episode on Thursday, after ten months of mystery over who killed him. In a flashback episode that revisits the night of the murder, Bobby is revealed to have killed his sister. The post episode, which aired on Friday 20, is completely alive and explains in detail the death of Lucy. Carrington was told he was Lucy's killer on Monday 16, while Laurie Brett (who plays Bobby's mother, Jane) was notified in November, because her character played a major role in covering up Lucy's murder. Bywater only finds Bobby responsible for Lucy's death on Thursday morning, November 19, a few hours before they filmed the scene that Bobby reveals as Lucy's killer.
Postproduction
Each episode must run for 27 minutes and 15 seconds, however, if any episodes are running above or below then it is a post-production task to cut or add the appropriate scene. As noted in the 1994 behind-the-scenes book, EastEnders: The First 10 Years, after the filming, the tapes were sent to the videocassette editor, which then edited the scene into an episode. The video cassette editor uses the director's notes so they know which scene the director wants to show in a particular episode. The producer may request further changes to be made. This episode is then copied to video D3. The last process is to add audio that includes background noise like a train or jukebox music and to check it in accordance with the BBC's technical standards for broadcasting.
Since 2010, EastEnders no longer uses cassettes in the recording or editing process. After the recording is recorded, the material is sent digitally to the post production team. The editors then collect all scenes recorded for the director to view and record any necessary changes. The voice team also has the ability to access edited episodes, enabling them
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