An intimate relationship is an interpersonal relationship involving physical or emotional closeness. Physical intimacy is characterized by friendship, platonic love, romantic love, or sexual activity. While the term intimate generally implies the entry of sexual intercourse , this term is also used as a euphemism for very sexual relationships.
Intimate relationships play a central role in the overall human experience. Humans have a common desire to own and love, which is usually met in intimate relationships. This relationship involves a feeling of liking or loving one or more people, romance, physical or sexual attraction, sexual intercourse, or emotional and personal support between members. Intimate relationships enable social networks for people to form strong emotional bonds.
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Intimacy
Intimacy generally refers to feelings of being in a close and possessing personal relationship. It is a close affective relationship and very close to the other as a result of the bond that is formed through other knowledge and experiences. Original intimacy in human relationships requires dialogue, transparency, vulnerability, and reciprocity. The verb "intimate" means "to declare or to know". The activity of intimidating (making known) supports the meaning of "intimate" when used as a noun and adjective. The noun "intimate" means someone who has a close relationship. This is clarified by Dalton (1959) which discusses how anthropologists and ethnographers access "internal information" within specific cultural settings by building a network of capable (and desirous) friends to provide information that can not be obtained through formal channels. The adjective "intimate" shows a detailed knowledge of something or someone.
In human relationships, the meaning and extent of intimacy vary within and between relationships. In anthropological research, intimacy is thought to be the result of successful seduction, a process of relationship building that allows parties to express convincingly previously hidden thoughts and feelings. An intimate conversation becomes the basis for the "secret" (secret knowledge) that binds people together.
To maintain intimacy over a period of time requires a well-developed emotional and interpersonal awareness. Intimacy requires the ability to be separated and shared with participants in intimate relationships. Murray Bowen calls this "self-differentiation". This results in a relationship where there is an emotional range that involves both strong conflict and intense loyalty. Lacking the ability to distinguish itself from others is a symbiotic form, a state different from intimacy, even if the feeling of closeness is the same.
From the center of self-knowledge and self-differentiation, intimate behavior joins with family members and close friends as well as those who fall in love. It evolves through self-disclosure and openness. Poor skill in developing intimacy can lead too close too quickly; struggling to find limits and maintain connections; become less skilled as a friend, refuse to open up or even refuse friendships and those who have them. The psychological consequences of the problem of intimacy are found in adults who have difficulty in shaping and maintaining intimate relationships. Individuals often experience the human limitations of their partners, and develop a fear of the adverse consequences of disrupted intercourse. Studies show that fear of intimacy is negatively related to comfort with emotional closeness and with relationship satisfaction, and positively associated with loneliness and anxiety traits.
Type
Scholars distinguish between four forms of intimacy: physical, emotional, cognitive, and experience.
- Physical intimacy is closeness or sensual touch, for example including being in a person's private space, holding hands, hugging, kissing, stroking, or other sexual activity.
- Emotional closeness, especially in sexual relationships, usually develops after a certain level of confidence is reached and a personal bond has been established. The emotional relationship of "falling in love", however, has both biochemical dimensions, driven through reaction in the body stimulated by sexual attraction (PEA, phenylethylamine), and social dimension driven by "talk" following from ordinary physical proximity or sexual intercourse.
- Cognitive or intellectual intimacy occurs when two people exchange ideas, share ideas and enjoy the similarities and differences between their opinions. If they can do this in an open and comfortable way, they can become very intimate in the intellectual realm.
- Experimental intimacy is when two people are actively involved with each other, may be talking to one another, not sharing thoughts or many feelings, but engaging in mutual activities with each other. Imagine watching two house painters whose brush strokes appear to play a duet on the sides of the house. They may be surprised to think that they are engaged in intimate activities with each other, but from an experience point of view, they will be very closely involved.
Distinguishing intimate (communal) relationships from strategic relationships (exchanges) can also be a factor. Physical intimacy occurs in the latter but it is governed by a high-level strategy, which others may not be aware of. One example is getting closer to someone to get something from them or give them something. "Something" may not be offered freely if it does not appear to be an intimate exchange and if the strategy has finally been seen in the beginning. Mills and Clark (1982) found that the strategic relationship (exchange) fragile and easily damaged when there is a level of disagreement. Emotional (communal) relationships are much stronger and can withstand sufficient (and even sustained) dissent.
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Physical and emotional
Love is an important factor in physical and emotional intimacy. Love is qualitatively and quantitatively different from likes, and the difference is not just there or no sexual attraction. There are three kinds of love in a relationship: passionate love, complementary love, and love. The love of the sacrifice reflects the subsumption of the individual's self-will in a unity and is said to be expressed in the Christian Deity and to humanity. Compassionate love involves diminishing feelings of strong attachment, authentic and eternal bonding, shared commitment, deep caring feelings, pride in the attainment of a partner, and the satisfaction that comes from sharing goals and perspectives. Instead, passionate love is characterized by insanity, intense fun with couples, ecstasy struggles, and feelings of joy that come from reuniting with a partner.
Two people who are in intimate relationships with one another are often called spouses, especially if members of the couple have placed some degree of immortality in their relationship. These couples often provide the emotional security necessary for them to complete other tasks, especially forms of work or work.
Empirical research
The use of empirical inquiry in 1898 was a major revolution in social analysis. A study conducted by Monroe, examines the nature and habits of children in choosing friends. Some of the attributes included in this study are kindness, joy and honesty. Monroe asked 2336 children aged 7 to 16 to identify "what kind of person do you like best?" The results show that children prefer friends of their own age, of the same sex, of the same physical size, of friends with features of light (hair and eyes), friends who are not involved in the conflict, someone who is good to animals and humans, and finally they are honest. Two characteristics reported by least important children include wealth and religion.
The research by Monroe was the first to mark a significant change in the study of intimate relationships of mainly philosophical analysis with those of empirical validity. This study is said to eventually mark the beginning of relationship science. However, in the years following Monroe's influential research, very few similar studies have been conducted. There were limited studies conducted on friendship of children, courtship and marriage, and families in the 1930s but several studies of relationships were conducted before or during World War II. Intimate relations did not become the focus of extensive research again until the 1960s and 1970s when there were many studies of published relationships.
Remote link
In the meta-analysis and literature review, it was found that long-distance relationships were no less satisfactory, contrary to popular beliefs. However, according to 800 or more strong study participants, in the long-distance relationship there are different determinants of success with respect to those associated with close geographical relationships.
When it comes to distance relationships, 1,000 study people show that they work better for those who are less anxious, more confident about their relationship and have a positive attitude toward distance.
Current study
Today, intimate studies use participants from diverse groups and examine topics that include family relationships, friendships, and romantic relationships, usually in the long run. Current studies include aspects of positive and negative or unpleasant relationships.
Research by John Gottman (2010) and his colleagues involves inviting married couples into a fun atmosphere, where they review the disagreements that led to their final argument. Although the participants were aware that they were being recorded, they soon became so absorbed in their own interactions that they forgot that they were being recorded. With a second analysis per second of observable reactions as well as emotional reactions, Gottman was able to predict with an accuracy of 93% fate of the couple's relationship.
Other current research areas into intimate relationships are conducted by Terri Orbuch and Joseph Veroff (2002). They monitor newly married couples using self-reports over a long period (longitudinal studies). Participants are required to provide an extensive report on the nature and status of their relationship. Although many marriages have ended since the beginning of the study, this type of relationship study allows researchers to track marriage from start to finish by conducting follow-up interviews with participants to determine which factors are related to the last marriage and those with those who do not. Although the field of relationship science is still relatively young, research conducted by researchers from various disciplines continues to expand the field.
The evidence also suggests the role of a number of contextual factors that can affect intercourse. In a recent study on the impact of Hurricane Katrina on marital and spousal relationships, the researchers found that while many reported negative changes in their relationships, some also experienced positive changes. More specifically, the appearance of Hurricane Katrina causes a certain amount of environmental stress (eg, unemployment, prolonged separation) that negatively affects intercourse for many couples, although other couples' relationships grow stronger as a result of new, greater perspective, and higher levels of communication and support. As a result, environmental factors are also understood to contribute greatly to the power of intimate relationships.
A team of researchers from Northwestern University who summarized the literature in 2013, found that 'reciprocal negative impact', which is the negativity of retaliation among partners during the conflict, is arguably the strongest predictor of poor marital quality. However, this degradation can be softened, according to 120 of their strongest heterosexual samples in Chicago, with the task of writing a reassessment every 4 months.
A study shows that married couples who marry and gay couples and lesbians who are paired in long-term intimate relationships can take unhealthy habits from each other. This study reports three different findings that show how unhealthy habits are promoted in long-term intimate relationships: through the direct adverse effects of one partner, through the synchronicity of health habits, and through the idea of ​​personal responsibility.
History
Ancient philosophers: Aristotle
More than 2,300 years ago, interpersonal relations were contemplated by Aristotle. He writes: "One person is a friend to another if he is kinder to the other and the other is kinder to him in return" (Aristotle, 330 BC, trans. 1991, pp.Ã, 72-73). Aristotle believed that human beings are essentially social beings. Aristotle also suggests that relationships are based on three different ideas: usefulness, pleasure, and virtue. People are attracted to the relationships that provide the utility because of the help and the sense of belonging they provide. In a relationship based on pleasure, people are attracted to feelings of pleasure when the parties are involved. However, relationships based on utility and pleasure are said to be short-lived if the benefits provided by one partner are unrequited. The relationship based on virtue builds on the attraction to the virtuous character of others.
Aristotle also suggested that a relationship based on virtue would be the longest and the relationship based on virtue is the only kind of relationship in which each partner is favored for themselves. The philosophical analysis used by Aristotle dominated the analysis of intimate relations until the late 1880s.
1880s to early 1900s
Modern psychology and sociology began to emerge in the late nineteenth century. During this time, theorists often incorporate links into their current field of research and begin to develop new foundations that have implications for the analysis of intimate relationships. Freud writes about parent-child relationships and their influence on the development of personality. Freud's analysis suggests that the childhood experiences of people are transferred or forwarded into adult relationships through feelings and expectations. Freud also found the idea that individuals are usually looking for a married couple that resembles an old man of the opposite sex.
In 1891, William James wrote that one's self-concept is defined by the relationships experienced by others. In 1897, ÃÆ'â € ° Dur Durmheim's interest in social organization led to the examination of social isolation and alienation. This is an influential discovery of intercourse in Durkheim which argues that socially isolated is a major key to suicide. The focus on the dark side of the relationship and the negative consequences associated with social isolation is what Durkheim calls an anomie. Georg Simmel writes about a couple, or a partnership with two people. Simmel suggests that couples need the consent and involvement of both partners to maintain the relationship but note that the relationship can be terminated by the initiation of only one partner. Although the theorists mentioned above seek support for their theory, their major contribution to studying intimate relationships is conceptual and not empirically grounded.
1960s and 1970s
An important shift occurs in the field of social psychology that influences the study of intimate relationships. Until the late 1950s, most of the research was not experimental. In the late 1960s, more than half of the published articles involved some sort of experimental study. The 1960s was also a time when there was a shift in methodology within the psychological discipline itself. Participants consisted mostly of students, experimental methods and research being conducted in the laboratory and the experimental method was the dominant methodology in social psychology. Experimental manipulation in intimate research shows that relationships can be studied scientifically. This shift brings relationship science to the attention of scholars in other disciplines and has resulted in the study of intimate relationships into an international multidisciplinary.
1980s to 2000s
In the early 1980s the first conference of the International Personal Relations Network (INPR) was held. About 300 researchers from around the world attended the conference. In March 1984, the first journal of Social and Personal Relations was published. In the early 1990s, the INPR broke away into two groups; in April 2004 both organizations rejoined and became the International Association for Relations Research (IARR).
Donald Nathanson, a psychiatrist who builds his studies on human interaction with Silvan Tomkins, notes the relationship between two individuals, intimacy, is best when the couple agrees to maximize positive influences, minimize negative influences and allow free expression of influence ( Shame and Pride , 1994). The discovery is based on Tomkin's blueprint for emotional health that also emphasizes maximizing, minimizing, and expressing as much as possible.
See also
Requirements for intercourse members
References
External links
- International Association for Relations Research
- Adaptation Process in Intimate Relationships
- Questions To Ask A Girl. Complete Guide.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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