Dominican Spanish is Spanish as used in the Dominican Republic; and also among the Dominican diaspora, most of whom live in the United States, especially in New York City, New Jersey, Boston, and Miami.
Dominican Spain, part of the Spanish Caribbean, is based on the Spanish dialect of Andalusia and Canarian southern Spain, and has borrowed vocabulary from TaÃÆ'no and other Arawakan languages, from Western African languages, and from English. Speakers from Dominican Spain can also use conservative words which in upper-class Spanish would be considered archaisms. The variations spoken in the Cibao area are a mixture of two dialects: from the 16th and 17th century Portuguese colonies in the Cibao valley, and the 18th-century Canarian settlers. According to the linguist John Lipski, "[b] by far the greatest extra-Hispanic linguistic influence in the Dominican Republic is the Haitian Creole."
Video Dominican Spanish
Histori
Most Spanish-speaking settlers come from Andalusia (southern Spain) and the Canary Islands. When they first arrived in what is now the Dominican Republic, the first native they contacted was the Aramaic Taino people.
Spain, as in other Latin American countries, completely replaced indigenous languages ​​(TaÃÆ'no and Ciguayos languages) from the Dominican Republic to the point where they became completely extinct, primarily due to the fact that the majority of the indigenous population quickly died only a few years after contact Europe.
However, when the Spaniards arrived, they found island flora and fauna, as well as various cultural artifacts, very different from Spain, so many words used by native people to call these things preserved and assimilated, thereby enriching the Spanish lexicon. Some of these words include: ajÃÆ', anÃÆ'³n, batata, barbacoa, bejuco, bija, caiman, canoa, caoba, conuco, guanÃÆ'¡bana, guayaba, hamaca, hobo (jobo), jagua, mana, papaya ( lechosa), savanna, yuca.
Other differences with Standard Spanish include subtleties such as hyperexcore, in particular, adding s wrongly, so it is too much to ignore the habit.
Example 1:
- standard: public administration [public administration]
- vernacular: public aminitration
- hypercorrected: manage public
Example 2:
- standard: jaguar [jaguar]
- vernacular: jagual / jaguai
- hypercorrected: jasguar
The hypercorrected form is more than sarcastic sarcastic mode, commonly used to joke from everyday conversations.
Maps Dominican Spanish
Vocabulary
As in each dialect, the Spanish Dominican language has many vocabulary differences from other forms of language. The Dominican Academy of Letters was published in November 2013 a Dominican term dictionary ( Diccionario del espaÃÆ'Â ± ol dominicano ) containing nearly 11,000 words and phrases typical of the Dominican dialect. Here are some examples:
A slightly degrading slang expression also common around most of the Caribbean valley is vaina . The meaning of Castile is "sheath", "pod", "shell", "shell casing", and "hull" (plant). It comes from the Latin word "v? G? Na", meaning "veil". In the Dominican Republic "vaina" is primarily something, trouble, or just "stuff". For example, Ã,¿QuÃÆ' Â © vaina es esa? means Ã,¿QuÃÆ' Â © cosa es esa? , "What is that thing?".
Anglicisms, due to the cultural and commercial influences of the United States and the American occupation of the Dominican Republic during 1916-1924 and 1965-1966, are very common in Spanish Dominica, more than in other Spanish variants, except for Puerto Rico and possibly Mexico's Northern Mexico. The main example of this is " vaguada ", which is a corruption of the English "bad weather ", although in Dominica Spain this term has become mean rain or heavy rain, unpleasant climate. Therefore, a common Dominican expression: "Viene una vaguada ", "here appears vaguada ", or "here comes a storm". Another excellent example of this is " boche ", a corruption of the English "nonsense", although in the Dominican language Spanish this term means scolding, annihilating, or harassing in general. Therefore, the Dominican general expression: " Me echaron un boche ", "they threw me boche ", or "they chided me". The pronouns of "them" in the Dominican language Spanish often refer to a single third person, so that I am dijeron , "they say to me", sometimes used instead of "a man tells me", or " a woman told me ", or" the young man by the lemon tree told me ". Next, is the Dominican Spanish word for SUV, "yipeta", "jeepeta", or rarely "gipeta". This term is a corruption of "Jeep" America, which was the main mode of transportation for GIs throughout the country during the occupation of the 1960s. Dominican license plates for SUVs are marked with "G" for "gipeta ", variants, and are pronounced like, "yipeta", before their serial number. The word "tichel", from "T-shirt", also refers to a rugby shirt, football uniform, or T-shirt, and also, "corn flakes" and its variants " con flÃÆ' Â © i " referring to breakfast cereals, in Dominican Spain, be it corn, bran flakes, or wheat bran. "Polo shirt" lending is often pronounced polo chÃÆ'Â © .
Another phenomenon associated with Anglicisms is the use of brand names as common names for particular objects. For example, "Gillette" and its descendants refer to a razor, and while a machete is known as a machete, this is the original Spanish word, sometimes referred to as "colÃÆ'n" comes from "Collins & amp; Co.", the name of a former toolmaker from Connecticut.
Several words and names borrowed from Arawakan
References
- Foot Records
- Source Diccionario del espaÃÆ' Â ± ol dominicano - Academician Dominicana de la Lengua (Santo Domingo, Editora Judicial, 2013) ISBN 978-9945-8912-0-1
More links
- Dominican Spanish-Spanish Bilingual Dictionary
- Learn Spanish Dominican
- PÃÆ'  © rez Guerra, Irene: "El arcaismo del espaà ± a ol dominicano"
- Spanish Dominican Lessons
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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